This document provides an overview of the structure of the specification and defines the model of the hierarchical taxonomy that provides the holistic framework for measuring everyday living events. The content of the model is defined in the document by a link to the JSON object.

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This document was last revised or approved by the OASIS Classification of Everyday Living (COEL) TC on the above date. The level of approval is also listed above. Check the “Latest version” location noted above for possible later revisions of this document. Any other numbered Versions and other technical work produced by the Technical Committee (TC) are listed at https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=coel#technical.

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Citation format:

When referencing this specification the following citation format should be used:

[COEL-COEL-v1.0]

Classification of Everyday Living Version 1.0. Edited by Joss Langford. 13 October 2016. OASIS Committee Specification Draft 02 / Public Review Draft 01. http://docs.oasis-open.org/coel/COEL/v1.0/csprd01/COEL-v1.0-csprd01.html. Latest version: http://docs.oasis-open.org/coel/COEL/v1.0/COEL-v1.0.html.

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Table of Contents

1 Introduction. 5

1.1 Terminology. 5

1.2 Normative References. 5

1.3 Non-Normative References. 5

2 Overview of specification. 6

2.1 Knowledge Base. 6

2.2 Data Model 6

2.3 Methodology. 6

3 Structure of the model 8

3.1 Principles behind structuring and populating the knowledge base. 8

3.2 Structure of the model 8

3.2.1 Artefact Format 9

3.2.2 Artefact Style Guide. 11

4 Description of taxonomy. 12

4.1 Visualising the model 13

5 Conformance. 14

Appendix A. Acknowledgments. 15

Appendix B. Revision History. 16

1 Introduction

1.1 Terminology

The key words “MUST”, “MUST NOT”, “REQUIRED”, “SHALL”, “SHALL NOT”, “SHOULD”, “SHOULD NOT”, “RECOMMENDED”, “MAY”, and “OPTIONAL” in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].

1.2 Normative References

[RFC2119] Bradner, S., “Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels”, BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt.

[RFC4627] D. Crockford, The application/json Media Type for JavaScript Object Notation (JSON), July 2006, http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4627.txt.

1.3 Non-Normative References

[Coelition] http://www.coelition.org

[Data to Life] Reed, M. & Langford, J. (2013). Data to Life. Coelition, London. ISBN 978-0957609402

2 Overview of specification

The Classification of Everyday Living (COEL) is a hierarchical taxonomy of everyday human life events. It comprises three distinct aspects: Knowledge Base, Data Model and Methodology. Together these facilitate the creation of personal digital services in a wide range of jurisdictions. For further background on COEL see [Data to Life].

2.1 Knowledge Base

A taxonomy is a highly structured form of knowledge base that links two distinct features: a nomenclature (a way of naming things) and a classification (a way to discriminate between different types of thing based on their features or attributes). Although called the Classification of Everyday Living, COEL is more accurately described as a taxonomy.

The COEL is highly compacted by design, nevertheless, it’s high level structure and content represents a significant knowledge base. The COEL is a taxonomy of human life events, where an event is defined as: ‘a transient and time-bound activity that can be objectively recorded by a person or a device’. Each such life event is called a Behavioural Atom.

The COEL has the ambition of becoming a globally used asset base – a comprehensive and unambiguous taxonomy of human life events.

2.2 Data Model

Although the COEL knowledge base could be structured in many different ways, for ease of human understanding and machine readability the COEL is constructed as a four level hierarchical Data Model. The Behavioural Atoms in the lower levels are sub-types of a Behavioural Atom at the next higher level. Thus the lower levels represent progressively more detailed views of life events.

2.3 Methodology

To operationalize the COEL Data Model a methodology is needed to capture, record and communicate data. This methodology is described in the specifications described below.

The complete COEL specification can be read from the top down using the table below as a guide. This set of specifications is the minimum requirement to stand up and use a fully functioning COEL compliant system.

NAME of COEL-TC document	Description
COEL [Classification of Everyday Living]	This document. A high level overview of what COEL is, the design principles by which it was constructed and key references. Permanent links to the detailed content of the latest version of the COEL Data Model.
RPE [Roles, Principles & Ecosystem]	A top level description of the possible structures and operations of a COEL compliant ecosystem. The roles that various actors in the ecosystem play, the principles by which the ecosystem works together, the interaction structure between different actors, the REQUIRED and OPTIONAL data flows within the ecosystem and high level security considerations.
IDA [Identity Authority]	A description of the role and operation of the Identity Authority used to create and manage COEL compliant Pseudonymous Keys.
BAP [Behavioural Atom Protocol]	The means by which COEL event data can be packaged and communicated.
PQI [Public Query Interface]	The minimal requirements of a query interface.
MMI [Minimal Management Interface]	The minimal management interface requirements for operation of the COEL ecosystem.

The specifications are dependent on each other as can be seen in the visualization below.

3 Structure of the model

3.1 Principles behind structuring and populating the knowledge base

The COEL is a new event-based taxonomy for classifying and naming small observable events that form our everyday lives. It was constructed according to a set of design principles, as follows:

· Beneath the important surface of cultural differences, everyday human behaviour is surprisingly similar. Our daily lives are made up of a finite number of behaviours which have a natural granularity. A coherent classification of daily events SHOULD work at this level of granularity.

· We SHOULD aim to classify, name and code all of the daily behaviours that make up an individual’s life.

· To provide a robust and accurate view on daily life, we SHOULD only measure and record human behaviours that are observable. Personal emotions / thoughts become observable events when an individual reports those emotions / thoughts, for example in conversation or a digital diary.

· Individual behavioural events SHOULD sit at the bottom of a logically clustered hierarchy. Events that have certain similarities SHOULD be kept together.

· Category errors SHOULD be avoided. The COEL SHOUD only include elements of a single category: events, where an event is defined as: “a transient, time-bound activity that can be objectively recorded by a person or device”.

· Each element in the COEL SHOULD be clearly distinct from all other elements, that is, they SHOULD be Mutually Exclusive.

· In totality, the complete listing of elements in the COEL SHOULD completely cover the whole of everyday human activity, that is, they SHOULD be Completely Exhaustive.

The requirement for the COEL to be both Mutually Exclusive AND Completely Exhaustive (MECE) is particularly demanding. This principle SHOULD be applied to the Class, Sub-class and Element layers of the knowledge base.

The principles above have been used to create the COEL. Future developments and versions of the COEL can be expanded both in depth (by adding more detail at the Element level) and breadth (by adding more Clusters and Classes).

3.2 Structure of the model

The most logical way to describe the structure of the full COEL taxonomy is from the top down. However, the fine-grained (and often most interesting) detail is at the bottom of the hierarchy, at the level of the individual elements.

At the top level of the COEL tree there are about thirty Clusters of event categories that go together. The name of each Cluster has been chosen to be intuitive for users of the classification. Some of these Clusters inevitably have a much richer structure than others, since certain aspects of daily life contain more variation than others.

Below the level of the Clusters come three further levels: Class, Sub-class and Element. This structure is shown schematically below.

The principles in section 3.1 above have been used to create the COEL.

The COEL exists concretely as a single digital artefact – a JSON format object defining the COEL Clusters, COEL Classes, COEL Sub-classes, COEL Elements and Version. This artefact is held at the permanent OASIS hosted URIs described above.

Applications that refer to or use the Classification of Everyday Living (COEL) as a coherent Knowledge Base of daily human events or as a Data Model that embodies that knowledge base MUST refer to this document, its subsidiary documents and the JSON artefact described above.

3.2.1 Artefact Format

The JSON format is a single object with the following fields:

Value Name	Description	Type
Version	The version number of this instance of the COEL model. See below for details.	JSON Array 0..3 of Integers.
Clusters	The model Clusters. See below for details.	JSON Array of JSON Objects.
Classes	The model Classes. See below for details.	JSON Array of JSON Objects.
SubClasses	The model SubClasses. See below for details.	JSON Array of JSON Objects.
Elements	The model Elements. See below for details.	JSON Array of JSON Objects.

The Cluster, Class, Sub-class and Element sections of the JSON artefact SHALL all have the same format. Each activity is described fully by its cluster, class, sub-class, and element code numbers. When an activity is being used as a general term (or the detail is not sufficient to describe at all four levels) the upper levels can be used in place of the more specialized descriptions (by providing a zero value for the lower level code numbers). For example, Travel by sports car would be coded as cluster = 22, class = 2, subclass=1, element=1, while travel by land would be coded as cluster = 22, class = 2, subclass=0, element=0.

Value Name	Description	Type
Name	The name of the everyday living activity.	String
Cluster	The cluster code number of the activity.	Integer: 1..99
Class	The class code number of the activity.	Integer: 0..99
SubClass	The sub-class code number of the activity.	Integer: 0..99
Element	The element code number of the activity.	Integer: 0..99

Examples:

[ …,

{"name": "Travel",

"cluster": 22, "class": 0, "subclass": 0, "element": 0}

…]

[ …,

{"name": "Travel by car",

"cluster": 22, "class": 2, "subclass": 1, "element": 0}

…]

The Version section of the JSON artefact SHALL have the following format:

Index Value	Description	Type
0	Must increment when a non-backwards compatible change is made, e.g. new structure or changing the value of an existing field. MUST run through full OASIS process.	Integer
1	Incremented for any release that is backwards compatible, e.g. only new fields. MUST be agreed by the OASIS Committee.	Integer
2	Experimental – incremented to working draft publications that are for public release.	Integer
3	For developments outside the OASIS TC and will always be “0” in any OASIS version.	Integer

3.2.2 Artefact Style Guide

The string descriptions MUST be formatted with only the first word capitalised with no punctuation, abbreviations or trailing spaces. The Clusters MUST be single words with no spaces.

4 Description of taxonomy

To provide a human readable top level description of COEL, the following table provides names of and longer form descriptions of the COEL Clusters. Note that any apparent logical ambiguities that can be suggested by these top level cluster names can be resolved by moving down in the hierarchy. Although structured for ease of use, the actual coherence of the COEL is guaranteed by the full set of elements.

COEL Cluster Name	Long Form Description
Personalcare	All self performed activities related to looking after yourself
Childcare	Activities related to looking after children
Adultcare	Activities related to looking after adults
Housework	Cleaning and day to day running of your dwelling
Maintenance	Functional upkeep of your dwelling and possessions
Animalcare	Activities related to looking after animals
Health	Activities related to your own health
Medicine	The diagnosis & treatment of ailments
Symptoms	Specific events related to symptoms of illness
Eating	The consumption of food items
Drinking	The consumption of liquid items
Cooking	The preparation of food and drink
Sleep	Activities related to preparing for sleep and the timecourse of sleep itself
Sports	Sports and predominantly physically active hobbies & pastimes
Hobbies	Sports and hobbies using vehicles / equipment
Spectator	Activities related to watching sports
Pastimes	Participatory pastimes (non-physically active)
Observer	Spectator pastimes (non-physically active)
Media	All activities involving the use of media.
Shopping	Activities involved in shopping for physical goods
Service	Activities involved in shopping for services
Travel	Moving from one place to another for a specific purpose
Communication	All methods of socially interacting via communicating face to face, non face to face and to groups & audiences
Device	Using electronic devices
Trials	Unplanned events which cause irritation or shock
Education	Activities involved with the process of acquiring knowledge
Accident	Accidents and injuries related to people
Lifestage	Life defining events
Lifestyle	Events related to lifestyle and type of person
Task	Generic work tasks
Work	Different types of work
Mind	Observable manifestations of emotion

4.1 Visualising the model

As a gracious and thoughtful service to users of COEL, a dynamic visual representation of the latest version of the full COEL model is provided at [Coelition].

5 Conformance

The Classification of Everyday Living model MUST conform to the conditions set out in Section 3.

Appendix A. Acknowledgments

The following individuals have participated in the creation of this specification and are gratefully acknowledged:

Participants:

Paul Bruton, Individual Member

Joss Langford, Activinsights

Matthew Reed, Coelition

David Snelling, Fujitsu

Appendix B. Revision History

Revision	Date	Editor	Changes Made
1	26/09/2015	Joss Langford	Artifact reference for 4 levels of COEL model added
2	6/10/2015	Matt Reed	Added explanatory material about COEL structure and knowledge base
3	14/10/2015	David Snelling	Review with some edits and the inclusion of the JSON format description.
4	19/10/2015	David Snelling	Minor additional changes,
5	31/10/2105	Joss Langford	Some text edits and additional diagrams added. Accept all changes, track changes off, check references and style consistency.
6	31/10/2015	David Snelling	Added references to json artefacts. Changes date to target of Nov 3.
7	25/11/2015	David Snelling	Set date for CD publication
8	07/01/2016	David Snelling	Update to WD02.
9	14/01/2016	Paul Bruton	Minor spelling corrections and a comment about the numerical ranges.
10	05/07/2016	Joss Langford	Style guide added (COEL-70) Versioning added (COEL-57) COEL description as single JSON (COEL-62)
11	09/08/2016	David Snelling	Accepted change tracking and tidied up the model description to match the current JSON format.
12	14/08/2016	Joss Langford	Cluster range extended (COEL-72). Checked and changes accepted.
13	20/08/2016	Matt Reed	Reduced JSON URIs to one. Small tidy ups.
14	25/09/2016	Joss Langford	Changes accepted.