https://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf/v2.0/cs01/csaf-v2.0-cs01.md (Authoritative)
https://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf/v2.0/cs01/csaf-v2.0-cs01.html
https://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf/v2.0/cs01/csaf-v2.0-cs01.pdf
https://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf/v2.0/csd01/csaf-v2.0-csd01.md (Authoritative)
https://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf/v2.0/csd01/csaf-v2.0-csd01.html
https://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf/v2.0/csd01/csaf-v2.0-csd01.pdf
https://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf/v2.0/csaf-v2.0.md (Authoritative)
https://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf/v2.0/csaf-v2.0.html
https://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf/v2.0/csaf-v2.0.pdf
OASIS Common Security Advisory Framework (CSAF) TC
Omar Santos (osantos@cisco.com), Cisco Systems
Langley Rock (lrock@redhat.com), Red Hat
Stefan Hagen (stefan@hagen.link), Individual
Thomas Schmidt (thomas.schmidt@bsi.bund.de), Federal Office for Information Security (BSI) Germany
In Memory of Eric Johnson, TIBCO Software Inc. and Mike Gorski, Cisco Systems both active members of the OASIS CSAF Committee.
This prose specification is one component of a Work Product that also includes:
This specification replaces or supersedes:
The Common Security Advisory Framework (CSAF) Version 2.0 is the definitive reference for the language which supports creation, update, and interoperable exchange of security advisories as structured information on products, vulnerabilities and the status of impact and remediation among interested parties.
This document was last revised or approved by the OASIS Common Security Advisory Framework (CSAF) TC on the above date. The level of approval is also listed above. Check the "Latest stage" location noted above for possible later revisions of this document. Any other numbered Versions and other technical work produced by the Technical Committee (TC) are listed at https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=csaf#technical.
TC members should send comments on this specification to the TC's email list. Others should send comments to the TC's public comment list, after subscribing to it by following the instructions at the "Send A Comment" button on the TC's web page at https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/csaf/.
This specification is provided under the Non-Assertion Mode of the OASIS IPR Policy, the mode chosen when the Technical Committee was established. For information on whether any patents have been disclosed that may be essential to implementing this specification, and any offers of patent licensing terms, please refer to the Intellectual Property Rights section of the TC's web page (https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/csaf/ipr.php).
Note that any machine-readable content (Computer Language Definitions) declared Normative for this Work Product is provided in separate plain text files. In the event of a discrepancy between any such plain text file and display content in the Work Product's prose narrative document(s), the content in the separate plain text file prevails.
When referencing this specification the following citation format should be used:
[csaf-v2.0]
Common Security Advisory Framework Version 2.0. Edited by Langley Rock, Stefan Hagen, and Thomas Schmidt. 12 November 2021. OASIS Committee Specification 01. https://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf/v2.0/cs01/csaf-v2.0-cs01.html. Latest stage: https://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf/v2.0/csaf-v2.0.html.
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The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] and [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.
For purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply:
advisory: reporting item that describes a condition present in an artifact and that requires action by the consumers
advisory document: artifact in which an analysis tool reports a result
advisory management system: software system that consumes the documents produced by analysis tools, produces advisories that enable engineering and operating organizations to assess the quality of these software artifacts at a point in time, and performs functions such as filing security advisories and displaying information about individual advisories. Note: An advisory management system can interact with a document viewer to display information about individual advisories.
advisory matching: process of determining whether two advisories are targeting the same products and conditions
artifact: sequence of bytes addressable via a URI. Examples: A physical file in a file system such as a source file, an object file, a configuration file or a data file; a specific version of a file in a version control system; a database table accessed via an HTTP request; an arbitrary stream of bytes returned from an HTTP request, a product URL, a common product enumeration value.
CSAF asset matching system: program that connects to or is an asset database and is able to manage CSAF documents as required by CSAF management system as well as matching them to assets of the asset database.
CSAF basic validator: A program that reads a document and checks it against the JSON schema and performs mandatory tests.
CSAF consumer: program that reads and interprets a CSAF document
CSAF content management system: program that is able to create, review and manage CSAF documents and is able to preview their details as required by CSAF viewer.
CSAF converter: CSAF producer that transforms the output of an analysis tool from its native output format into the CSAF format
CSAF direct producer: analysis tool which acts as a CSAF producer
CSAF document: security advisory text document in the format defined by this document.
CSAF extended validator: A CSAF basic validator that additionally performs optional tests.
CSAF full validator: A CSAF extended validator that additionally performs informative tests.
CSAF management system: program that is able to manage CSAF documents and is able to display their details as required by CSAF viewer.
CSAF modifier: CSAF post-processor which takes a CSAF document as input and modifies the structure or values of properties. The output is a valid CSAF document.
CSAF post-processor: CSAF producer that transforms an existing CSAF document into a new CSAF document, for example, by removing or redacting elements according to sharing policies.
CSAF producer: program that emits output in the CSAF format
CSAF translator: CSAF post-processor which takes a CSAF document as input and translates values of properties into another language. The output is a valid CSAF document.
CSAF viewer: CSAF consumer that reads a CSAF document, displays a list of the results it contains, and allows an end user to view each result in the context of the artifact in which it occurs.
CVRF CSAF converter: CSAF producer which takes a CVRF document as input and converts it into a valid CSAF document.
document: output file produced by an analysis tool, which enumerates the results produced by the tool
driver: tool component containing an analysis tool’s or converter’s primary executable, which controls the tool’s or converter’s execution, and which in the case of an analysis tool typically defines a set of analysis rules
embedded link: syntactic construct which enables a message string to refer to a location mentioned in the document
empty array: array that contains no elements, and so has a length of 0
empty object: object that contains no properties
empty string: string that contains no characters, and so has a length of 0
(end) user: person who uses the information in a document to investigate, triage, or resolve results
engineering system: software analysis environment within which analysis tools execute. Note: An engineering system might include a build system, a source control system, a result management system, a bug tracking system, a test execution system, and so on.
extension: tool component other than the driver (for example, a plugin, a configuration file, or a taxonomy)
external property file: file containing the values of one or more externalized properties
externalizable property: property that can be contained in an external property file
externalized property: property stored outside of the CSAF document to which it logically belongs
false positive: result which an end user decides does not actually represent a problem
fingerprint: stable value that can be used by a result management system to uniquely identify a result over time, even if a relevant artifact is modified
formatted message: message string which contains formatting information such as Markdown formatting characters
fully qualified logical name: string that fully identifies the programmatic construct specified by a logical location, typically by means of a hierarchical identifier.
hierarchical string: string in the format <component>{/<component>}*
line: contiguous sequence of characters, starting either at the beginning of an artifact or immediately after a newline sequence, and ending at and including the nearest subsequent newline sequence, if one is present, or else extending to the end of the artifact
line (number): 1-based index of a line within a file. Note: Abbreviated to "line" when there is no danger of ambiguity with "line" in the sense of a sequence of characters.
localizable: subject to being translated from one natural language to another
message string: human-readable string that conveys information relevant to an element in a CSAF document
nested artifact: artifact that is contained within another artifact
newline sequence: sequence of one or more characters representing the end of a line of text. Note: Some systems represent a newline sequence with a single newline character; others represent it as a carriage return character followed by a newline character.
notification: reporting item that describes a condition encountered by a tool during its execution
opaque: neither human-readable nor machine-parsable into constituent parts
parent (artifact): artifact which contains one or more nested artifacts
plain text message: message string which does not contain any formatting information
plugin: tool component that defines additional rules
policy: set of rule configurations that specify how results that violate the rules defined by a particular tool component are to be treated
problem: result which indicates a condition that has the potential to detract from the quality of the program. Examples: A security vulnerability, a deviation from contractual or legal requirements.
product: is any deliverable (e.g. software, hardware, specification,...) which can be referred to with a name. This applies regardless of the origin, the license model, or the mode of distribution of the deliverable.
property: attribute of an object consisting of a name and a value associated with the name
redactable property: property that potentially contains sensitive information that a CSAF direct producer or a CSAF post-processor might wish to redact
reporting item: unit of output produced by a tool, either a result or a notification
reporting configuration: the subset of reporting metadata that a tool can configure at runtime, before performing its scan. Examples: severity level, rank
repository container for a related set of files in a version control system
taxonomy: classification of analysis results into a set of categories
tag: string that conveys additional information about the CSAF document element to which it applies
text artifact: artifact considered as a sequence of characters organized into lines and columns
text region: region representing a contiguous range of zero or more characters in a text artifact
tool component: component of an analysis tool or converter, either its driver or an extension, consisting of one or more files
top-level artifact: artifact which is not contained within any other artifact
translation: rendering of a tool component's localizable strings into another language
triage: decide whether a result indicates a problem that needs to be corrected
user: see end user.
VCS: version control system
vendor: the community, individual, or organization that created or maintains a product (including open source software and hardware providers)
VEX: Vulnerability Exploitability eXchange - enables a supplier or other party to assert whether or not a particular product is affected by a specific vulnerability, especially helpful in efficiently consuming SBOM data.
viewer: see CSAF viewer.
XML: eXtensible Markup Language - the format used by the predecessors of this standard, namely CVRF 1.1 and CVRF 1.2.
JSON Schema: A Media Type for Describing JSON Documents, draft-handrews-json-schema-02, September 2019, https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-core.html.
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JSON Hyper-Schema: A Vocabulary for Hypermedia Annotation of JSON, draft-handrews-json-schema-hyperschema-02, September 2019, https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-hypermedia.html.
Relative JSON Pointers, draft-handrews-relative-json-pointer-02, September 2019, https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/relative-json-pointer.html.
Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt.
Williams, N., "JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Text Sequences", RFC 7464, DOI 10.17487/RFC7464, February 2015, https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7464.
Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, May 2017, http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174.
T. Bray, Ed., "The JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Data Interchange Format", RFC 8259, DOI 10.17487/RFC8259, December 2017, http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8259.
Common Platform Enumeration: Applicability Language Specification Version 2.3 (NISTIR 7698), D. Waltermire, P. Cichonski, K. Scarfone, Editors, NIST Interagency Report 7698, August 2011, http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.7698.
Common Platform Enumeration: Dictionary Specification Version 2.3, P. Cichonski, D. Waltermire, K. Scarfone, Editors, NIST Interagency Report 7697, August 2011, http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.7697.
Common Platform Enumeration: Naming Matching Specification Version 2.3, M. Parmelee, H. Booth, D. Waltermire, K. Scarfone, Editors, NIST Interagency Report 7696, August 2011,http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.7696.
Common Platform Enumeration: Naming Specification Version 2.3, B. Cheikes, D. Waltermire, K. Scarfone, Editors, NIST Interagency Report 7695, August 2011, http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.7695.
Common Vulnerability and Exposures (CVE) – The Standard for Information Security Vulnerability Names, MITRE, 1999, https://cve.mitre.org/about/.
Common Vulnerability and Exposures (CVE) – The Standard for Information Security Vulnerability Names - CVE ID Syntax Change, MITRE, January 01, 2014, https://cve.mitre.org/cve/identifiers/syntaxchange.html.
The Common Vulnerability Reporting Framework (CVRF) Version 1.1, M. Schiffman, Editor, May 2012, Internet Consortium for Advancement of Security on the Internet (ICASI), http://www.icasi.org/the-common-vulnerability-reporting-framework-cvrf-v1-1/.
CSAF Common Vulnerability Reporting Framework (CVRF) Version 1.2. Edited by Stefan Hagen. 13 September 2017. OASIS Committee Specification 01. http://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf-cvrf/v1.2/cs01/csaf-cvrf-v1.2-cs01.html. Latest version: http://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf-cvrf/v1.2/csaf-cvrf-v1.2.html.
A Complete Guide to the Common Vulnerability Scoring System Version 2.0, P. Mell, K. Scarfone, S. Romanosky, Editors, First.org, Inc., June 2007, https://www.first.org/cvss/cvss-v2-guide.pdf.
Common Vulnerability Scoring System v3.0: Specification Document, FIRST.Org, Inc., June 2019, https://www.first.org/cvss/v3.0/cvss-v30-specification_v1.9.pdf.
Common Vulnerability Scoring System v3.1: Specification Document, FIRST.Org, Inc., June 2019, https://www.first.org/cvss/v3-1/cvss-v31-specification_r1.pdf.
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) – A Community-Developed List of Software Weakness Types, MITRE, 2005, http://cwe.mitre.org/about/.
CycloneDX Software Bill-of-Material Specification JSON schema version 1.3, cyclonedx.org, May 2021, https://github.com/CycloneDX/specification/blob/1.3/schema/bom-1.3.schema.json.
DCMI Metadata Terms v1.1, Dublin Core Metadata Initiative, DCMI Rec., June 14, 2012, http://dublincore.org/documents/2012/06/14/dcmi-terms/. Latest version available at http://dublincore.org/documents/dcmi-terms/.
GitHub's fork of cmark, a CommonMark parsing and rendering library and program in C, https://github.com/github/cmark.
GitHub Engineering: A formal spec for GitHub Flavored Markdown, https://githubengineering.com/a-formal-spec-for-github-markdown/.
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Information technology — Security techniques — Vulnerability disclosure, International Standard, ISO 29147:2014(E), February 15, 2014, https://www.iso.org/standard/45170.html.
GTLS/SSL and crypto library, OpenSSL Software Foundation, https://www.openssl.org/.
Package URL (PURL), GitHub Project, https://github.com/package-url/purl-spec
Rescorla, E. and B. Korver, "Guidelines for Writing RFC Text on Security Considerations", BCP 72, RFC 3552, DOI 10.17487/RFC3552, July 2003, https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3552.
Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and L. Masinter, "Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax", STD 66, RFC 3986, DOI 10.17487/RFC3986, January 2005, https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3986.
Fielding, R., Ed., and J. Reschke, Ed., "Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/1.1): Semantics and Content", RFC 7231, DOI 10.17487/RFC7231, June 2014, https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7231.
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Keywords defined by this specification use this monospaced font.
Normative source code uses this paragraph style.
Some sections of this specification are illustrated with non-normative examples introduced with "Example" or "Examples" like so:
Examples 4321:
Informative examples also use this paragraph style but preceded by the text "Example(s)".
All examples in this document are informative only.
All other text is normative unless otherwise labeled e.g. like:
Informative Comment:
This is a pure informative comment that may be present, because the information conveyed is deemed useful advice or common pitfalls learned from implementer or operator experience and often given including the rationale.
The Common Security Advisory Framework (CSAF) is a language to exchange Security Advisories formulated in JSON.
Informative Comment:
The term Security Advisory as used in this document describes any notification of security issues in products of and by providers. Anyone providing a product is considered in this document as a vendor, i.e. developers or maintainers of information system products or services. This includes all authoritative product vendors, Product Security Incident Response Teams (PSIRTs), and product resellers and distributors, including authoritative vendor partners. A security issue is not necessarily constraint to a problem statement, the focus of the term is on the security aspect impacting (or not impacting) specific product-platform-version combinations. Information on presence or absence of work-arounds is also considered part of the security issue. This document is the definitive reference for the language elements of CSAF version 2.0. The encompassing JSON schema file noted in the Additional Artifacts section of the title page shall be taken as normative in the case a gap or an inconsistency in this explanatory document becomes evident. The following presentation in this section is grouped by topical area, and is not simply derivative documentation from the schema document itself. The information contained aims to be more descriptive and complete. Where applicable, common conventions are stated and known common issues in usage are pointed out informatively to support implementers of document producers and consumers alike. The section 3 Schema elements derives from the JSON schema itself as a service for the reader.
This minimal required information set does not provide any useful information on products, vulnerabilities, or security advisories. Thus, any real-world Security Advisory will carry additional information as specified in section 3 Schema elements.
Care has been taken, to design the containers for product and vulnerability information to support fine-grained mapping of security advisories onto product and vulnerability and minimize data duplication through referencing. The display of the elements representing Product Tree and Vulnerability information has been placed in the sections named accordingly.
A Security Advisory defined as a CSAF document is the result of complex orchestration of many players and distinct and partially difficult to play schemas.
The format chosen is [JSONSchema] which allows validation and delegation to sub schema providers. The latter aligns well with separation of concerns and shares the format family of information interchange utilized by the providers of product and vulnerability information which migrated from XML to JSON since the creation of CSAF CVRF version 1.2, the predecessor of this specification.
The acronym CSAF, “Common Security Advisory Framework”, stands for the target of concerted mitigation and remediation accomplishment.
Technically the use of JSON schema allows validation and proof of model conformance (through established schema based validation) of the declared information inside CSAF documents.
The CSAF schema structures its derived documents into three main classes of the information conveyed:
Wherever possible repetition of data has been replaced by linkage through ID elements. Consistency on the content level thus is in the responsibility of the producer of such documents, to link e.g. vulnerability information to the matching product.
A dictionary like presentation of all defined schema elements is given in the section SCHEMASECTIONNUMBER Schema. Any expected relations to other elements (linkage) is described there. This linking relies on setting attribute values accordingly (mostly guided by industry best practice and conventions) and thus implies, that any deep validation on a semantic level is to be ensured by the producer and consumer of CSAF documents. It is out of scope for this specification.
Proven and intended usage patterns from practice are given where possible.
Delegation to industry best practices technologies is used in referencing schemas for:
The CSAF schema describes how to represent security advisory information as a JSON document.
The CSAF schema Version 2.0 builds on the JSON Schema draft 2020-12 rules.
"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema"
The schema identifier is:
"$id": "https://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf/v2.0/csaf_json_schema.json"
The further documentation of the schema is organized via Definitions and Properties.
Types and properties together provide the vocabulary for the domain specific language supporting security advisories.
The single mandatory property is document. The optional two additional properties are product_tree and vulnerabilities.
The definitions ($defs) introduce the following domain specific types into the CSAF language: Acknowledgments (acknowledgments_t), Branches (branches_t), Full Product Name (full_product_name_t), Language (lang_t), Notes (notes_t), Product Group ID (product_group_id_t), Product Groups (product_groups_t), Product ID (product_id_t), Products (products_t), References (references_t), and Version (version_t).
"$defs": {
"acknowledgments_t": {
// ...
},
"branches_t": {
// ...
},
"full_product_name_t": {
// ...
},
"lang_t": {
// ...
},
"notes_t": {
// ...
},
"product_group_id_t": {
// ...
},
"product_groups_t": {
// ...
},
"product_id_t": {
// ...
},
"products_t": {
// ...
},
"references_t": {
// ...
},
"version_t": {
// ...
}
},
List of Acknowledgments (acknowledgments_t) type instances of value type array with 1 or more elements contain a list of Acknowledgment elements.
"acknowledgments_t": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
},
The value type of Acknowledgment is object with at least 1 and at most 4 properties. Every such element acknowledges contributions by describing those that contributed. The properties are: names, organization, summary, and urls.
"properties": {
"names": {
// ...
},
"organization": {
// ...
},
"summary": {
// ...
},
"urls": {
// ...
}
}
List of acknowledged names (names) has value type array with 1 or more items holds the names of entities being recognized. Every such item of value type string with 1 or more characters represents the name of entity being recognized and contains the name of a single person.
Examples 1:
Albert Einstein
Johann Sebastian Bach
The contributing organization (organization) has value type string with 1 or more characters and holds the name of the contributing organization being recognized.
Examples 2:
CISA
Google Project Zero
Talos
Summary of the acknowledgment (summary) of value type string with 1 or more characters SHOULD represent any contextual details the document producers wish to make known about the acknowledgment or acknowledged parties.
Example 3:
First analysis of Coordinated Multi-Stream Attack (CMSA)
List of URLs (urls) of acknowledgment is a container (value type array) for 1 or more string of type URL that specifies a list of URLs or location of the reference to be acknowledged. Any URL of acknowledgment contains the URL or location of the reference to be acknowledged. Value type is string with format URI (uri).
Example 4:
"acknowledgments": [
{
"names": [
"Johann Sebastian Bach",
"Georg Philipp Telemann",
"Georg Friedrich Händel"
],
"organization": "Baroque composers",
"summary": "wonderful music"
},
{
"organization": "CISA"
"summary": "coordination efforts",
"urls": [
"https://cisa.gov"
]
},
{
"organization": "BSI",
"summary": "assistance in coordination"
},
{
"names": [
"Antonio Vivaldi"
],
"summary": "influencing other composers"
},
]
The example 4 above should lead to the following outcome in a human-readable advisory:
We thank the following parties for their efforts:
- Johann Sebastian Bach, Georg Philipp Telemann, Georg Friedrich Händel from Baroque composers for wonderful music
- CISA for coordination efforts (see: https://cisa.gov)
- BSI for assistance in coordination
- Antonio Vivaldi for influencing other composers
List of branches (branches_t) with value type array contains 1 or more branch elements as children of the current element.
"branches_t": {
//...
"items": {
// ...
}
},
Every Branch holds exactly 3 properties and is a part of the hierarchical structure of the product tree. The properties name and category are mandatory. In addition, the object contains either a branches or a product property.
"properties": {
"branches": {
// ...
},
"category": {
// ...
},
"name": {
// ...
},
"product": {
// ...
}
}
List of branches (branches) has the value type branches_t.
Category of the branch (category) of value type string as enum describes the characteristics of the labeled branch. Valid enum values are:
architecture
host_name
language
legacy
patch_level
product_family
product_name
product_version
service_pack
specification
vendor
The value architecture indicates the architecture for which the product is intended.
The value host_name indicates the host name of a system/service.
The value language indicates the language of the product.
The value legacy indicates an entry that has reached its end of life.
The value patch_level indicates the patch level of the product.
The value product_family indicates the product family that the product falls into.
The value product_name indicates the name of the product.
The value product_version indicates the product version, can be numeric or some other descriptor.
The value service_pack indicates the service pack of the product.
The value specification indicates the specification such as a standard, best common practice, etc.
The value vendor indicates the name of the vendor or manufacturer that makes the product.
Name of the branch (name) of value type string with 1 character or more contains the canonical descriptor or 'friendly name' of the branch.
Examples 5:
10
365
Microsoft
Office
PCS 7
SIMATIC
Siemens
Windows
Product (product) has the value type Full Product Name (full_product_name_t).
Full Product Name (full_product_name_t) with value type object specifies information about the product and assigns the product ID. The properties name and product_id are required. The property product_identification_helper is optional.
"full_product_name_t": {
// ...
"properties": {
"name": {
// ...
},
"product_id": {
// ...
},
"product_identification_helper": {
// ...
}
}
},
Textual description of the product (name) has value type string with 1 or more characters. The value should be the product's full canonical name, including version number and other attributes, as it would be used in a human-friendly document.
Examples 6:
Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client 2.3.185
Microsoft Host Integration Server 2006 Service Pack 1
Product ID (product_id) holds a value of type Product ID (product_id_t).
Helper to identify the product (product_identification_helper) of value type object provides in its properties at least one method which aids in identifying the product in an asset database. Of the given seven properties cpe, hashes, purl, sbom_urls, serial_numbers, skus and x_generic_uris, one is mandatory.
"product_identification_helper": {
// ...
"properties": {
"cpe": {
// ...
},
"hashes": {
// ...
},
"purl": {
// ...
},
"sbom_urls": {
// ...
},
"serial_numbers": {
// ...
},
"skus": {
// ...
},
"x_generic_uris": {
// ...
}
}
Common Platform Enumeration representation (cpe) of value type string of 5 or more characters with pattern (regular expression):
^(cpe:2\\.3:[aho\\*\\-](:(((\\?*|\\*?)([a-zA-Z0-9\\-\\._]|(\\\\[\\\\\\*\\?!\"#\\$%&'\\(\\)\\+,/:;<=>@\\[\\]\\^`\\{\\|\\}~]))+(\\?*|\\*?))|[\\*\\-])){5}(:(([a-zA-Z]{2,3}(-([a-zA-Z]{2}|[0-9]{3}))?)|[\\*\\-]))(:(((\\?*|\\*?)([a-zA-Z0-9\\-\\._]|(\\\\[\\\\\\*\\?!\"#\\$%&'\\(\\)\\+,/:;<=>@\\[\\]\\^`\\{\\|\\}~]))+(\\?*|\\*?))|[\\*\\-])){4})|([c][pP][eE]:/[AHOaho]?(:[A-Za-z0-9\\._\\-~%]*){0,6})$
The Common Platform Enumeration (CPE) attribute refers to a method for naming platforms external to this specification. See [CPE23-N] for details.
List of hashes (hashes) of value type array holding at least one item contains a list of cryptographic hashes usable to identify files.
"hashes": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
}
Cryptographic hashes of value type object contains all information to identify a file based on its cryptographic hash values. Any cryptographic hashes object has the 2 mandatory properties file_hashes and filename.
"properties": {
"file_hashes": {
// ...
},
"filename": {
// ...
}
}
List of file hashes (file_hashes) of value type array holding at least one item contains a list of cryptographic hashes for this file.
"file_hashes": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
}
Each File hash of value type object contains one hash value and algorithm of the file to be identified. Any File hash object has the 2 mandatory properties algorithm and value.
"properties": {
"algorithm": {
// ...
},
"value": {
// ...
}
}
The algorithm of the cryptographic hash representation (algorithm) of type string with one or more characters contains the name of the cryptographic hash algorithm used to calculate the value. The default value for algorithm is sha256.
Examples 7:
blake2b512
sha256
sha3-512
sha384
sha512
These values are derived from the currently supported digests OpenSSL [OPENSSL]. Leading dashs were removed.
The command
openssl dgst -list(Version 1.1.1f from 2020-03-31) outputs the following:Supported digests: -blake2b512 -blake2s256 -md4 -md5 -md5-sha1 -ripemd -ripemd160 -rmd160 -sha1 -sha224 -sha256 -sha3-224 -sha3-256 -sha3-384 -sha3-512 -sha384 -sha512 -sha512-224 -sha512-256 -shake128 -shake256 -sm3 -ssl3-md5 -ssl3-sha1 -whirlpool
The Value of the cryptographic hash representation (value) of value type string of 32 or more characters with pattern (regular expression):
^[0-9a-fA-F]{32,}$
The Value of the cryptographic hash attribute contains the cryptographic hash value in hexadecimal representation.
Examples 8:
37df33cb7464da5c7f077f4d56a32bc84987ec1d85b234537c1c1a4d4fc8d09dc29e2e762cb5203677bf849a2855a0283710f1f5fe1d6ce8d5ac85c645d0fcb3
4775203615d9534a8bfca96a93dc8b461a489f69124a130d786b42204f3341cc
9ea4c8200113d49d26505da0e02e2f49055dc078d1ad7a419b32e291c7afebbb84badfbd46dec42883bea0b2a1fa697c
The filename representation (filename) of type string with one or more characters contains the name of the file which is identified by the hash values.
Examples 9:
WINWORD.EXE
msotadddin.dll
sudoers.so
If the value of the hash matches and the filename does not, a user should prefer the hash value. In such cases, the filename should be used as informational property.
The package URL (PURL) representation (purl) is a string of 7 or more characters with pattern (regular expression):
^pkg:[A-Za-z\\.\\-\\+][A-Za-z0-9\\.\\-\\+]*/.+
The given pattern does not completely evaluate whether a PURL is valid according to the [PURL] specification. It provides a more generic approach and general guidance to enable forward compatibility. CSAF uses only the canonical form of PURL to conform with section 3.3 of [RFC3986]. Therefore, URLs starting with
pkg://are considered invalid.
This package URL (PURL) attribute refers to a method for reliably identifying and locating software packages external to this specification. See [PURL] for details.
The list of SBOM URLs (sbom_urls) of value type array with 1 or more items contains a list of URLs where SBOMs for this product can be retrieved.
The SBOMs might differ in format or depth of detail. Currently supported formats are SPDX, CycloneDX, and SWID.
"sbom_urls": {
//...
"items": {
//...
}
}
Any given SBOM URL of value type string and format uri contains a URL of one SBOM for this product.
The list of serial numbers (serial_numbers) of value type array with 1 or more items contains a list of parts, or full serial numbers.
A list of serial numbers SHOULD only be used if a certain range of serial numbers with its corresponding software version is affected, or the serial numbers change during update.
"serial_numbers": {
//...
"items": {
//...
}
}
Any given serial number of value type string with at least 1 character represents a part, or a full serial number of the component to identify.
If a part of a serial number of the component to identify is given, it SHOULD begin with the first character of the serial number and stop at any point. Characters which should not be matched MUST be replaced by either ? (for a single character) or * (for zero or more characters).
Two * MUST NOT follow each other.
The list of stock keeping units (skus) of value type array with 1 or more items contains a list of parts, or full stock keeping units.
A list of stock keeping units SHOULD only be used if the list of relationships is used to decouple e.g. hardware from the software, or the stock keeping units change during update. In the latter case the remediations SHALL include the new stock keeping units is or a description how it can be obtained.
The use of the list of relationships in the first case is important. Otherwise, the end user is unable to identify which version (the affected or the not affected / fixed one) is used.
"skus": {
//...
"items": {
//...
}
}
Any given stock keeping unit of value type string with at least 1 character represents a part, or a full stock keeping unit (SKU) of the component to identify.
Sometimes this is also called "item number", "article number" or "product number".
If a part of a stock keeping unit of the component to identify is given, it SHOULD begin with the first character of the stock keeping unit and stop at any point. Characters which should not be matched MUST be replaced by either ? (for a single character) or * (for zero or more characters).
Two * MUST NOT follow each other.
List of generic URIs (x_generic_uris) of value type array with at least 1 item contains a list of identifiers which are either vendor-specific or derived from a standard not yet supported.
"x_generic_uris": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
}
Any such Generic URI item of value type object provides the two mandatory properties Namespace (namespace) and URI (uri).
"properties": {
"namespace": {
// ...
},
"uri": {
// ...
}
}
The namespace of the generic URI (namespace) of value type string and format uri refers to a URL which provides the name and knowledge about the specification used or is the namespace in which these values are valid.
The URI (uri) of value type string and format uri contains the identifier itself.
Language type (lang_t) has value type string with pattern (regular expression):
^(([A-Za-z]{2,3}(-[A-Za-z]{3}(-[A-Za-z]{3}){0,2})?|[A-Za-z]{4,8})(-[A-Za-z]{4})?(-([A-Za-z]{2}|[0-9]{3}))?(-([A-Za-z0-9]{5,8}|[0-9][A-Za-z0-9]{3}))*(-[A-WY-Za-wy-z0-9](-[A-Za-z0-9]{2,8})+)*(-[Xx](-[A-Za-z0-9]{1,8})+)?|[Xx](-[A-Za-z0-9]{1,8})+|[Ii]-[Dd][Ee][Ff][Aa][Uu][Ll][Tt]|[Ii]-[Mm][Ii][Nn][Gg][Oo])$
The value identifies a language, corresponding to IETF BCP 47 / RFC 5646. See IETF language registry: https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry
CSAF skips those grandfathered language tags that are deprecated at the time of writing the specification. Even though the private use language tags are supported they SHOULD not be used to ensure readability across the ecosystem. It is recommended to follow the conventions for the capitalization of the subtags even though it is not mandatory as most users are used to that.
Examples 10:
de
en
fr
frc
jp
List of notes (notes_t) of value type array with 1 or more items of type Note contains notes which are specific to the current context.
"notes_t": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
},
Value type of every such Note item is object with the mandatory properties category and text providing a place to put all manner of text blobs related to the current context. A Note object may provide the optional properties audience and title.
"properties": {
"audience": {
// ...
},
"category": {
// ...
},
"text": {
// ...
},
"title": {
// ...
}
}
Audience of note (audience) of value type string with 1 or more characters indicates who is intended to read it.
Examples 11:
all
executives
operational management and system administrators
safety engineers
Note category (category) of value type string as enum indicates the choice of what kind of note this is. Valid enum values are:
description
details
faq
general
legal_disclaimer
other
summary
The value description indicates the note is a description of something. The optional sibling property title MAY have more information in this case.
The value details indicates the note is a low-level detailed discussion. The optional sibling property title MAY have more information in this case.
The value faq indicates the note is a list of frequently asked questions.
The value general indicates the note is a general, high-level note. The optional sibling property title MAY have more information in this case.
The value legal_disclaimer indicates the note represents any possible legal discussion, including constraints, surrounding the document.
The value other indicates the note is something that doesn’t fit the other categories. The optional sibling attribute title SHOULD have more information to indicate clearly what kind of note to expect in this case.
The value summary indicates the note is a summary of something. The optional sibling property title MAY have more information in this case.
Note contents (text) of value type string with 1 or more characters holds the contents of the note. Content varies depending on type.
Title of note (title) of value type string with 1 or more characters provides a concise description of what is contained in the text of the note.
Examples 12:
Details
Executive summary
Technical summary
Impact on safety systems
The Product Group ID Type (product_group_id_t) of value type string with 1 or more characters is a reference token for product group instances. The value is a token required to identify a group of products so that it can be referred to from other parts in the document. There is no predefined or required format for the Product Group ID (product_group_id) as long as it uniquely identifies a product group in the context of the current document.
"product_group_id_t": {
// ...
},
Examples 13:
CSAFGID-0001
CSAFGID-0002
CSAFGID-0020
Even though the standard does not require a specific format it is recommended to use different prefixes for the Product ID and the Product Group ID to support reading and parsing the document.
List of Product Group ID (product_groups_t) of value type array with 1 or more unique items (a set) of type Product Group ID (product_group_id_t) specifies a list of product_group_ids to give context to the parent item.
"product_groups_t": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
},
The Product ID Type (product_id_t) of value type string with 1 or more characters is a reference token for product instances. The value is a token required to identify a full_product_name so that it can be referred to from other parts in the document. There is no predefined or required format for the Product ID (product_id) as long as it uniquely identifies a product in the context of the current document.
"product_id_t": {
// ...
},
Examples 14:
CSAFPID-0004
CSAFPID-0008
Even though the standard does not require a specific format it is recommended to use different prefixes for the Product ID and the Product Group ID to support reading and parsing the document.
List of Product IDs (products_t) of value type array with 1 or more unique items (a set) of type Product ID (product_id_t) specifies a list of product_ids to give context to the parent item.
"products_t": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
},
List of references (references_t) of value type array with 1 or more items of type Reference holds a list of Reference objects.
"references_t": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
}
},
Value type of every such Reference item is object with the mandatory properties url and summary holding any reference to conferences, papers, advisories, and other resources that are related and considered related to either a surrounding part of or the entire document and to be of value to the document consumer. A reference object may provide the optional property category.
"properties": {
"category": {
// ...
},
"summary": {
// ...
},
"url": {
// ...
}
}
Category of reference (category) of value type string as enum indicates whether the reference points to the same document or vulnerability in focus (depending on scope) or to an external resource. Valid enum values are:
external
self
The default value for category is external.
The value external indicates, that this document is an external reference to a document or vulnerability in focus (depending on scope).
The value self indicates, that this document is a reference to this same document or vulnerability (also depending on scope).
This includes links to documents with the same content but different file format (e.g. advisories as PDF or HTML).
Summary of the reference (summary) of value type string with 1 or more characters indicates what this reference refers to.
URL of reference (url) of value type string and format uri provides the URL for the reference.
The Version (version_t) type has value type string with pattern (regular expression):
^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)$|^((0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.(0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.(0|[1-9]\\d*)(?:-((?:0|[1-9]\\d*|\\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*)(?:\\.(?:0|[1-9]\\d*|\\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*))*))?(?:\\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?)$
The version specifies a version string to denote clearly the evolution of the content of the document. There are two options how it can be used:
A CSAF document MUST use only one versioning system.
Examples 15:
1
4
0.9.0
1.4.3
2.40.0+21AF26D3
Integer versioning increments for each version where the /document/tracking/status is final the version number by one. The regular expression for this type is:
^(0|[1-9][0-9]*)$
The following rules apply:
initial_release_date. The document status MUST be draft. Anything MAY change at any time. The document SHOULD NOT be considered stable./document/tracking/status is final has a version number incremented by one.draft) MUST carry the new version number. Sole exception is before the initial release (see rule 2). The combination of document status draft and version 1 MAY be used to indicate that the content is unlikely to change.Semantic versioning derived the rules from [SemVer]. The regular expression for this type is:
^((0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.(0|[1-9]\\d*)\\.(0|[1-9]\\d*)(?:-((?:0|[1-9]\\d*|\\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*)(?:\\.(?:0|[1-9]\\d*|\\d*[a-zA-Z-][0-9a-zA-Z-]*))*))?(?:\\+([0-9a-zA-Z-]+(?:\\.[0-9a-zA-Z-]+)*))?)$
The goal of this structure is to provide additional information to the end user whether a new comparison with the asset database is needed. The "public API" in regards to CSAF is the CSAF document with its structure and content. This results in the following rules:
A normal version number MUST take the form X.Y.Z where X, Y, and Z are non-negative integers, and MUST NOT contain leading zeroes. X is the major version, Y is the minor version, and Z is the patch version. Each element MUST increase numerically. For instance: 1.9.0 -> 1.10.0 -> 1.11.0.
Once a versioned document has been released, the contents of that version MUST NOT be modified. Any modifications MUST be released as a new version.
Major version zero (0.y.z) is for initial development before the initial_release_date. The document status MUST be draft. Anything MAY change at any time. The document SHOULD NOT be considered stable. Changes which would increment the major version according to rule 7 are tracked in this stage with (0.y.z) by incrementing the minor version y instead. Changes that would increment the minor or patch version according to rule 6 or 5 are both tracked in this stage with (0.y.z) by incrementing the patch version z instead.
Version 1.0.0 defines the initial public release. The way in which the version number is incremented after this release is dependent on the content and structure of the document and how it changes.
Patch version Z (x.y.Z | x > 0) MUST be incremented if only backwards compatible bug fixes are introduced. A bug fix is defined as an internal change that fixes incorrect behavior.
In the context of the document this is the case e.g. for spelling mistakes.
Minor version Y (x.Y.z | x > 0) MUST be incremented if the content of an existing element changes except for those which are covert through rule 7. It MUST be incremented if substantial new information are introduced or new elements are provided. It MAY include patch level changes. Patch version MUST be reset to 0 when minor version is incremented.
Major version X (X.y.z | X > 0) MUST be incremented if a new comparison with the end user's asset database is required. This includes:
/product_tree or elements which contain /product_tree in their path/vulnerabilities/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/first_affected/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_affected/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/last_affected/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/first_fixed/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/fixed/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_not_affectedIt MAY also include minor and patch level changes. Patch and minor version MUST be reset to 0 when major version is incremented.
A pre-release version (document status draft) MAY be denoted by appending a hyphen and a series of dot separated identifiers immediately following the patch version. Identifiers MUST comprise only ASCII alphanumerics and hyphens [0-9A-Za-z-]. Identifiers MUST NOT be empty. Numeric identifiers MUST NOT include leading zeroes. Pre-release versions have a lower precedence than the associated normal version. A pre-release version indicates that the version is unstable and might not satisfy the intended compatibility requirements as denoted by its associated normal version.
Examples 16:
1.0.0-0.3.7
1.0.0-alpha
1.0.0-alpha.1
1.0.0-x-y-z.–
1.0.0-x.7.z.92
Pre-release MUST NOT be included if /document/tracking/status is final.
Build metadata MAY be denoted by appending a plus sign and a series of dot separated identifiers immediately following the patch or pre-release version. Identifiers MUST comprise only ASCII alphanumerics and hyphens [0-9A-Za-z-]. Identifiers MUST NOT be empty. Build metadata MUST be ignored when determining version precedence. Thus two versions that differ only in the build metadata, have the same precedence.
Examples 17:
1.0.0+20130313144700
1.0.0+21AF26D3—-117B344092BD
1.0.0-alpha+001
1.0.0-beta+exp.sha.5114f85
Precedence refers to how versions are compared to each other when ordered.
Precedence MUST be calculated by separating the version into major, minor, patch and pre-release identifiers in that order (Build metadata does not figure into precedence).
Precedence is determined by the first difference when comparing each of these identifiers from left to right as follows: Major, minor, and patch versions are always compared numerically.
Example 18:
1.0.0 < 2.0.0 < 2.1.0 < 2.1.1
When major, minor, and patch are equal, a pre-release version has lower precedence than a normal version:
Example 19:
1.0.0-alpha < 1.0.0
Precedence for two pre-release versions with the same major, minor, and patch version MUST be determined by comparing each dot separated identifier from left to right until a difference is found as follows:
Example 20:
1.0.0-alpha < 1.0.0-alpha.1 < 1.0.0-alpha.beta < 1.0.0-beta < 1.0.0-beta.2 < 1.0.0-beta.11 < 1.0.0-rc.1 < 1.0.0
These final three subsections document the three properties of a CSAF document. The single mandatory property document, as well as the optional properties product_tree and vulnerabilities in that order.
Document level meta-data (document) of value type object with the 5 mandatory properties Category (category), CSAF Version (csaf_version), Publisher (publisher), Title (title), and Tracking (tracking) captures the meta-data about this document describing a particular set of security advisories. In addition, the document object may provide the 7 optional properties Acknowledgments (acknowledgments), Aggregate Severity (aggregate_severity), Distribution (distribution), Language (lang), Notes (notes), References (references), and Source Language (source_lang).
"document": {
// ...
"properties": {
"acknowledgments": {
// ...
},
"aggregate_severity" : {
// ...
},
"category": {
// ...
},
"csaf_version": {
// ...
},
"distribution": {
// ...
},
"lang": {
// ...
},
"notes": {
// ...
},
"publisher": {
// ...
},
"references": {
// ...
},
"source_lang": {
// ...
},
"title": {
// ...
},
"tracking": {
// ...
}
}
},
Document acknowledgments (acknowledgments) of value type Acknowledgments Type (acknowledgments_t) contains a list of acknowledgment elements associated with the whole document.
"acknowledgments": {
// ...
},
Aggregate severity (aggregate_severity) of value type object with the mandatory property text and the optional property namespace is a vehicle that is provided by the document producer to convey the urgency and criticality with which the one or more vulnerabilities reported should be addressed. It is a document-level metric and applied to the document as a whole — not any specific vulnerability. The range of values in this field is defined according to the document producer's policies and procedures.
"aggregate_severity": {
// ...
"properties": {
"namespace": {
// ...
},
"text": {
// ...
}
}
},
The Namespace of aggregate severity (namespace) of value type string and format uri points to the namespace so referenced.
The Text of aggregate severity (text) of value type string with 1 or more characters provides a severity which is independent of - and in addition to - any other standard metric for determining the impact or severity of a given vulnerability (such as CVSS).
Examples 21:
Critical
Important
Moderate
Document category (category) with value type string of 1 or more characters defines a short canonical name, chosen by the document producer, which will inform the end user as to the category of document.
It is directly related to the profiles defined in section 4.
"category": {
// ...
}
Examples 22:
Example Company Security Notice
generic_csaf
security_advisory
vex
CSAF version (csaf_version) of value type string and enum gives the version of the CSAF specification which the document was generated for. The single valid value for this enum is:
2.0
Rules for sharing document (distribution) of value type object with at least 1 of the 2 properties Text (text) and Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) (tlp) describes any constraints on how this document might be shared.
"distribution": {
// ...
"properties": {
"text": {
// ...
},
"tlp": {
// ...
}
}
},
If both values are present, the TLP information SHOULD be preferred as this aids in automation.
The Textual description (text) of value type string with 1 or more characters provides a textual description of additional constraints.
Examples 23:
Copyright 2021, Example Company, All Rights Reserved.
Distribute freely.
Share only on a need-to-know-basis only.
Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) (tlp) of value type object with the mandatory property Label (label) and the optional property URL (url) provides details about the TLP classification of the document.
"tlp": {
// ...
"properties": {
"label": {
// ...
},
"url": {
// ...
}
}
}
The Label of TLP (label) with value type string and enum provides the TLP label of the document. Valid values of the enum are:
AMBER
GREEN
RED
WHITE
The URL of TLP version (url) with value type string and format uri provides a URL where to find the textual description of the TLP version which is used in this document. The default value is the URL to the definition by FIRST:
https://www.first.org/tlp/
Examples 24:
https://www.us-cert.gov/tlp
https://www.bsi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/BSI/Kritis/Merkblatt_TLP.pdf
Document language (lang) of value type Language Type (lang_t) identifies the language used by this document, corresponding to IETF BCP 47 / RFC 5646.
Document notes (notes) of value type Notes Type (notes_t) holds notes associated with the whole document.
"notes": {
// ...
},
Publisher (publisher) has value type object with the mandatory properties Category (category), Name (name) and Namespace (namespace) and provides information on the publishing entity. The 2 other optional properties are: contact_details and issuing_authority.
"publisher": {
// ...
"properties": {
"category": {
// ...
},
"contact_details": {
// ...
},
"issuing_authority": {
// ...
},
"name": {
// ...
}
"namespace": {
// ...
}
}
},
The Category of publisher (category) of value type string and enum provides information about the category of publisher releasing the document. The valid values are:
coordinator
discoverer
other
translator
user
vendor
The value coordinator indicates individuals or organizations that manage a single vendor’s response or multiple vendors’ responses to a vulnerability, a security flaw, or an incident. This includes all Computer Emergency/Incident Response Teams (CERTs/CIRTs) or agents acting on the behalf of a researcher.
The value discoverer indicates individuals or organizations that find vulnerabilities or security weaknesses. This includes all manner of researchers.
The value translator indicates individuals or organizations that translate CSAF documents. This includes all manner of language translators, also those who work for the party issuing the original advisory.
The value other indicates a catchall for everyone else. Currently this includes editors, reviewers, forwarders, republishers, and miscellaneous contributors.
The value user indicates anyone using a vendor’s product.
The value vendor indicates developers or maintainers of information system products or services. This includes all authoritative product vendors, Product Security Incident Response Teams (PSIRTs), and product resellers and distributors, including authoritative vendor partners.
Contact details (contact_details) of value type string with 1 or more characters provides information on how to contact the publisher, possibly including details such as web sites, email addresses, phone numbers, and postal mail addresses.
Example 25:
Example Company can be reached at contact_us@example.com, or via our website at https://www.example.com/contact.
Issuing authority (issuing_authority) of value type string with 1 or more characters Provides information about the authority of the issuing party to release the document, in particular, the party's constituency and responsibilities or other obligations.
The Name of publisher (name) of value type string contains the name of the issuing party.
Example 26:
BSI
Cisco PSIRT
Siemens ProductCERT
The Namespace of publisher (namespace) of value type string and format uri contains a URL which is under control of the issuing party and can be used as a globally unique identifier for that issuing party. The URL SHALL be normalized.
An issuing party can choose any URL which fulfills the requirements state above. The URL MAY be dereferenceable. If an issuing party has chosen a URL, it SHOULD NOT change. Tools can make use of the combination of /document/publisher/namespace and /document/tracking/id as it identifies a CSAF document globally unique.
If an issuing party decides to change its Namespace it SHOULD reissue all CSAF documents with an incremented (patch) version which has no other changes than:
/document/references[] which points to the new version of the CSAF document/document/references[] which points to the previous version of the CSAF document (if the URL changed)Example 27:
https://csaf.io
https://www.example.com
Document references (references) of value type References Type (references_t) holds a list of references associated with the whole document.
"references": {
// ...
},
Source language (source_lang) of value type Language Type (lang_t) identifies if this copy of the document is a translation then the value of this property describes from which language this document was translated.
The property MUST be present and set for any CSAF document with the value translator in /document/publisher/category.
Title of this document (title) of value type string with 1 or more characters SHOULD be a canonical name for the document, and sufficiently unique to distinguish it from similar documents.
Examples 28:
Cisco IPv6 Crafted Packet Denial of Service Vulnerability
Example Company Cross-Site-Scripting Vulnerability in Example Generator
Tracking (tracking) of value type object with the six mandatory properties: Current Release Date (current_release_date), Identifier (id), Initial Release Date (initial_release_date), Revision History (revision_history), Status (status), and Version (version) is a container designated to hold all management attributes necessary to track a CSAF document as a whole. The two optional additional properties are Aliases (aliases) and Generator (generator).
"tracking": {
// ...
"properties": {
"aliases": {
// ...
},
"current_release_date": {
// ...
},
"generator": {
// ...
},
"id": {
// ...
},
"initial_release_date": {
// ...
},
"revision_history": {
// ...
},
"status": {
// ...
},
"version": {
// ...
}
}
},
Aliases (aliases) of value type array with 1 or more unique items (a set) representing Alternate Names contains a list of alternate names for the same document.
"aliases": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
},
Every such Alternate Name of value type string with 1 or more characters specifies a non-empty string that represents a distinct optional alternative ID used to refer to the document.
Example 29:
CVE-2019-12345
Current release date (current_release_date) with value type string and format date-time holds the date when the current revision of this document was released.
Document Generator (generator) of value type object with mandatory property Engine (engine) and optional property Date (date) is a container to hold all elements related to the generation of the document. These items will reference when the document was actually created, including the date it was generated and the entity that generated it.
"generator": {
// ...
"properties": {
"date": {
// ...
},
"engine": {
// ...
}
}
},
Date of document generation (date) of value type string with format date-time SHOULD be the current date that the document was generated. Because documents are often generated internally by a document producer and exist for a nonzero amount of time before being released, this field MAY be different from the Initial Release Date and Current Release Date.
Engine of document generation (engine) of value type object with mandatory property Engine name (name) and optional property Engine version (version) contains information about the engine that generated the CSAF document.
"engine": {
// ...
"properties": {
"name": {
// ...
},
"version": {
// ...
}
}
},
Engine name (name) of value type string with 1 or more characters represents the name of the engine that generated the CSAF document.
Examples 30:
Red Hat rhsa-to-cvrf
Secvisogram
TVCE
Engine version (version) of value type string with 1 or more characters contains the version of the engine that generated the CSAF document.
Although it is not formally required, the TC suggests to use a versioning which compatible wth Semantic Versioning as described in the external specification [SemVer]. This could help the end user to identify when CSAF consumers have to be updated.
Examples 31:
0.6.0
1.0.0-beta+exp.sha.a1c44f85
2
Unique identifier for the document (id) of value type string with 1 or more characters holds the Identifier. The ID is a simple label that provides for a wide range of numbering values, types, and schemes. Its value SHOULD be assigned and maintained by the original document issuing authority. It MUST be unique for that organisation.
Examples 32:
Example Company - 2019-YH3234
RHBA-2019:0024
cisco-sa-20190513-secureboot
The combination of
/document/publisher/namespaceand/document/tracking/ididentifies a CSAF document globally unique.
This value is also used to determine the filename for the CSAF document (cf. section 5.1).
Initial release date (initial_release_date) with value type string and format date-time holds the date when this document was first published.
The Revision History (revision_history) with value type array of 1 or more Revision History Entries holds one revision item for each version of the CSAF document, including the initial one.
"revision_history": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
},
Each Revision contains all the information elements required to track the evolution of a CSAF document. Revision History Entry items are of type object with the three mandatory properties: Date (date), Number (number), and Summary (summary).
"properties": {
"date": {
// ...
},
"number": {
// ...
},
"summary": {
// ...
}
}
The Number (number) has value type Version (version_t).
The Date of the revision (date) of value type string with format date-time states the date of the revision entry.
The Summary of the revision (summary) of value type string with 1 or more characters holds a single non-empty string representing a short description of the changes.
Each Revision item which has a number of 0 or 0.y.z MUST be removed from the document if the document status is final. Versions of the document which are pre-release SHALL NOT have its own revision item. All changes MUST be tracked in the item for the next release version. Build metadata SHOULD NOT be included in the number of any revision item.
Document status (status) of value type string and enum defines the draft status of the document. The value MUST be one of the following:
draft
final
interim
The value draft indicates, that this is a pre-release, intended for issuing party's internal use only, or possibly used externally when the party is seeking feedback or indicating its intentions regarding a specific issue.
The value final indicates, that the issuing party asserts the content is unlikely to change. “Final” status is an indication only, and does not preclude updates. This SHOULD be used if the issuing party expects no, slow or few changes.
The value interim indicates, that the issuing party expects rapid updates. This SHOULD be used if the expected rate of release for this document is significant higher than for other documents. Once the rate slows down it MUST be changed to final. This may be done in a patch version.
This is extremly useful for downstream vendors to constantly inform the end users about ongoing investigation. It can be used as an indication to pull the CSAF document more frequently.
Version has the value type Version (version_t).
Product Tree (product_tree) has value type object with 1 or more properties is a container for all fully qualified product names that can be referenced elsewhere in the document. The properties are Branches (branches), Full Product Names (full_product_names), Product Groups (product_groups), and Relationships (relationships).
"product_tree": {
// ...
"properties": {
"branches": {
// ...
},
"full_product_names": {
// ...
},
"product_groups": {
// ...
},
"relationships": {
// ...
}
}
},
List of branches (branches) of value type branches_t.
List of full product names (full_product_names) of value type array with 1 or more items of type full_product_name_t contains a list of full product names.
List of product groups (product_groups) of value type array with 1 or more items of type object contains a list of product groups.
"product_groups": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
},
The product group items are of value type object with the 2 mandatory properties Group ID (group_id) and Product IDs (product_ids) and the optional Summary (summary) property.
"properties": {
"group_id": {
// ...
},
"product_ids": {
// ...
},
"summary": {
// ...
}
}
The summary of the product group (summary) of value type string with 1 or more characters gives a short, optional description of the group.
Examples 33:
Products supporting Modbus.
The x64 versions of the operating system.
Group ID (group_id) has value type Product Group ID (product_group_id_t).
List of Product IDs (product_ids) of value type array with 2 or more unique items of value type Product ID (product_id_t) lists the product_ids of those products which known as one group in the document.
List of relationships (relationships) of value type array with 1 or more items contains a list of relationships.
"relationships": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
}
The Relationship item is of value type object and has four mandatory properties: Relationship category (category), Full Product Name (full_product_name), Product Reference (product_reference), and Relates to Product Reference (relates_to_product_reference). The Relationship item establishes a link between two existing full_product_name_t elements, allowing the document producer to define a combination of two products that form a new full_product_name entry.
"properties": {
"category": {
// ...
},
"full_product_name": {
// ...
},
"product_reference": {
// ...
},
"relates_to_product_reference": {
// ...
}
}
The situation where a need for declaring a Relationship arises, is given when a product is e.g. vulnerable only when installed together with another, or to describe operating system components.
Relationship category (category) of value string and enum defines the category of relationship for the referenced component. The valid values are:
default_component_of
external_component_of
installed_on
installed_with
optional_component_of
The value default_component_of indicates that the entity labeled with one Product ID (e.g. CSAFPID-0001) is a default component of an entity with another Product ID (e.g. CSAFPID-0002). These Product IDs SHOULD NOT be identical to provide minimal redundancy.
The value external_component_of indicates that the entity labeled with one Product ID (e.g. CSAFPID-0001) is an external component of an entity with another Product ID (e.g. CSAFPID-0002). These Product IDs SHOULD NOT be identical to provide minimal redundancy.
The value installed_on indicates that the entity labeled with one Product ID (e.g. CSAFPID-0001) is installed on a platform entity with another Product ID (e.g. CSAFPID-0002). These Product IDs SHOULD NOT be identical to provide minimal redundancy.
The value installed_with indicates that the entity labeled with one Product ID (e.g. CSAFPID-0001) is installed alongside an entity with another Product ID (e.g. CSAFPID-0002). These Product IDs SHOULD NOT be identical to provide minimal redundancy.
The value optional_component_of indicates that the entity labeled with one Product ID (e.g. CSAFPID-0001) is an optional component of an entity with another Product ID (e.g. CSAFPID-0002). These Product IDs SHOULD NOT be identical to provide minimal redundancy.
Full Product Name (full_product_name) of value type Full Product Name type (full_product_name_t).
Product Reference (product_reference) of value type Product ID (product_id_t) holds a Product ID that refers to the Full Product Name element, which is referenced as the first element of the relationship.
Relates to Product Reference (relates_to_product_reference) of value type Product ID (product_id_t) holds a Product ID that refers to the Full Product Name element, which is referenced as the second element of the relationship.
Example 34:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-908070601",
"name": "Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client 4.9.04053"
},
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-908070602",
"name": "Microsoft Windows"
}
],
"relationships": [
{
"product_reference": "CSAFPID-908070601",
"category": "installed_on",
"relates_to_product_reference": "CSAFPID-908070602",
"full_product_name": {
"product_id": "CSAFPID-908070603",
"name": "Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client 2.3.185 installed on Microsoft Windows"
}
}
]
}
The product
Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client 4.9.04053"(Product ID:CSAFPID-908070601) and the productMicrosoft Windows(Product ID:CSAFPID-908070602) form together a new product with the separate Product IDCSAFPID-908070603. The latter one can be used to refer to that combination in other parts of the CSAF document. In example 34, it might be the case thatCisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client 4.9.04053"is only vulnerable when installed onMicrosoft Windows.
Vulnerabilities (vulnerabilities) of value type array with 1 or more objects representing vulnerabilities and providing 1 or more properties represents a list of all relevant vulnerability information items.
"vulnerabilities": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
}
The Vulnerability item of value type object with 1 or more properties is a container for the aggregation of all fields that are related to a single vulnerability in the document. Any vulnerability may provide the optional properties Acknowledgments (acknowledgments), Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) (cve), Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) (cwe), Discovery Date (discovery_date), ID (id), Involvements (involvements), Notes (notes), Product Status (product_status), References (references), Release Date (release_date), Remediations (remediations), Scores (scores), Threats (threats), and Title (title).
"properties": {
"acknowledgments": {
// ...
},
"cve": {
// ...
},
"cwe": {
// ...
},
"discovery_date": {
// ...
},
"id": {
// ...
},
"involvements": {
// ...
},
"notes": {
// ...
},
"product_status": {
// ...
},
"references": {
// ...
},
"release_date": {
// ...
},
"remediations": {
// ...
},
"scores": {
// ...
},
"threats": {
// ...
},
"title": {
// ...
}
}
Vulnerability acknowledgments (acknowledgments) of value type Acknowledgments Type (acknowledgments_t) contains a list of acknowledgment elements associated with this vulnerability item.
"acknowledgments": {
// ...
},
CVE (cve) of value type string with pattern (regular expression):
^CVE-[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{4,}$
holds the MITRE standard Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) tracking number for the vulnerability.
CWE (cwe) of value type object with the 2 mandatory properties Weakness ID (id) and Weakness Name (name) holds the MITRE standard Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) for the weakness associated. For more information cf. [CWE].
"cwe": {
// ...
"properties": {
"id": {
// ...
},
"name": {
// ...
}
}
},
The Weakness ID (id) has value type string with pattern (regular expression):
^CWE-[1-9]\\d{0,5}$
and holds the ID for the weakness associated.
Examples 35:
CWE-22
CWE-352
CWE-79
The Weakness name (name) has value type string with 1 or more characters and holds the full name of the weakness as given in the CWE specification.
Examples 36:
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Discovery date (discovery_date) of value type string with format date-time holds the date and time the vulnerability was originally discovered.
ID (id) of value type object with the two mandatory properties System Name (system_name) and Text (text) gives the document producer a place to publish a unique label or tracking ID for the vulnerability (if such information exists).
"id": {
// ...
"properties": {
"system_name": {
// ...
},
"text": {
// ...
}
}
},
System name (system_name) of value type string with 1 or more characters indicates the name of the vulnerability tracking or numbering system.
Example 37:
Cisco Bug ID
GitHub Issue
Text (text) of value type string with 1 or more characters is unique label or tracking ID for the vulnerability (if such information exists).
Example 38:
CSCso66472
oasis-tcs/csaf#210
General examples may include an identifier from a vulnerability tracking system that is available to customers, such as:
- a Cisco bug ID,
- a GitHub Issue number,
- an ID from a Bugzilla system, or
- an ID from a public vulnerability database such as the X-Force Database.
The ID may be a vendor-specific value but is not to be used to publish the CVE tracking numbers (MITRE standard Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures), as these are specified inside the dedicated CVE element.
List of involvements (involvements) of value type array with 1 or more items of type object contains a list of involvements.
"involvements": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
},
Every Involvement item of value type object with the 2 mandatory properties Party (party), Status (status) and the 2 optional properties Date of involvement (date) and Summary (summary) is a container that allows the document producers to comment on the level of involvement (or engagement) of themselves (or third parties) in the vulnerability identification, scoping, and remediation process. It can also be used to convey the disclosure timeline. The ordered tuple of the values of party and date (if present) SHALL be unique within involvements.
"properties": {
"date": {
// ...
},
"party": {
// ...
},
"status": {
// ...
},
"summary": {
// ...
},
}
Date of involvement (date) of value type string with format date-time holds the date and time of the involvement entry.
Party category (party) of value type string and enum defines the category of the involved party. Valid values are:
coordinator
discoverer
other
user
vendor
These values follow the same definitions as given for the publisher category (cf. section 3.2.1.8.1).
Party status (status) of value type string and enum defines contact status of the involved party. Valid values are:
completed
contact_attempted
disputed
in_progress
not_contacted
open
Each status is mutually exclusive - only one status is valid for a particular vulnerability at a particular time. As the vulnerability ages, a party's involvement could move from state to state. However, in many cases, a document producer may choose not to issue CSAF documents at each state, or simply omit this element altogether. It is recommended, however, that vendors that issue CSAF documents indicating an open or in-progress involvement should eventually expect to issue a document containing one of the statuses disputed or completed as the latest one.
The two vulnerability involvement status states,
contact_attemptedandnot_contactedare intended for use by document producers other than vendors (such as research or coordinating entities).
The value completed indicates that the party asserts that investigation of the vulnerability is complete. No additional information, fixes, or documentation from the party about the vulnerability should be expected to be released.
The value contact_attempted indicates that the document producer attempted to contact the party.
The value disputed indicates that the party disputes the vulnerability report in its entirety. This status should be used when the party believes that a vulnerability report regarding a product is completely inaccurate (that there is no real underlying security vulnerability) or that the technical issue being reported has no security implications.
The value in_progress indicates that some hotfixes, permanent fixes, mitigations, workarounds, or patches may have been made available by the party, but more information or fixes may be released in the future. The use of this status by a vendor indicates that future information from the vendor about the vulnerability is to be expected.
The value not_contacted indicates that the document producer has not attempted to make contact with the party.
The value open is the default status. It doesn’t indicate anything about the vulnerability remediation effort other than the fact that the party has acknowledged awareness of the vulnerability report. The use of this status by a vendor indicates that future updates from the vendor about the vulnerability are to be expected.
Summary of involvement (summary) of value type string with 1 or more characters contains additional context regarding what is going on.
Vulnerability notes (notes) of value type Notes Type (notes_t) holds notes associated with this vulnerability item.
"notes": {
// ...
},
Product status (product_status) of value type object with 1 or more properties contains different lists of product_ids which provide details on the status of the referenced product related to the current vulnerability. The eight defined properties are First affected (first_affected), First fixed (first_fixed), Fixed (fixed), Known affected (known_affected), Known not affected (known_not_affected), Last affected (last_affected), Recommended (recommended), and Under investigation (under_investigation) are all of value type Products (products_t).
"product_status": {
// ...
"properties": {
"first_affected": {
// ...
},
"first_fixed": {
// ...
},
"fixed": {
// ...
},
"known_affected": {
// ...
},
"known_not_affected": {
// ...
},
"last_affected": {
// ...
},
"recommended": {
// ...
},
"under_investigation": {
// ..
}
}
},
First affected (first_affected) of value type Products (products_t) represents that these are the first versions of the releases known to be affected by the vulnerability.
First fixed (first_fixed) of value type Products (products_t) represents that these versions contain the first fix for the vulnerability but may not be the recommended fixed versions.
Fixed (fixed) of value type Products (products_t) represents that these versions contain a fix for the vulnerability but may not be the recommended fixed versions.
Known affected (known_affected) of value type Products (products_t) represents that these versions are known to be affected by the vulnerability. Actions are recommended to remediate or address this vulnerability.
This could include for instance learning more about the vulnerability and context, and/or making a risk-based decision to patch or apply defense-in-depth measures. See
/vulnerabilities[]/remediations,/vulnerabilities[]/notesand/vulnerabilities[]/threatsfor more details.
Known not affected (known_not_affected) of value type Products (products_t) represents that these versions are known not to be affected by the vulnerability. No remediation is required regarding this vulnerability.
This could for instance be because the code referenced in the vulnerability is not present, not exposed, compensating controls exist, or other factors. See
/vulnerabilities[]/threatsin categoryimpactfor more details.
Last affected (last_affected) of value type Products (products_t) represents that these are the last versions in a release train known to be affected by the vulnerability. Subsequently released versions would contain a fix for the vulnerability.
Recommended (recommended) of value type Products (products_t) represents that these versions have a fix for the vulnerability and are the vendor-recommended versions for fixing the vulnerability.
Under investigation (under_investigation) of value type Products (products_t) represents that it is not known yet whether these versions are or are not affected by the vulnerability. However, it is still under investigation - the result will be provided in a later release of the document.
Vulnerability references (references) of value type References Type (references_t) holds a list of references associated with this vulnerability item.
"references": {
// ...
},
Release date (release_date) with value type string of format date-time holds the date and time the vulnerability was originally released into the wild.
List of remediations (remediations) of value type array with 1 or more Remediation items of type object contains a list of remediations.
"remediations": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
},
Every Remediation item of value type object with the 2 mandatory properties Category (category) and Details (details) specifies details on how to handle (and presumably, fix) a vulnerability.
In addition, any Remediation may expose the six optional properties Date (date), Entitlements (entitlements), Group IDs (group_ids), Product IDs (product_ids), Restart required (restart_required), and URL (url).
"properties": {
"category": {
// ...
},
"date": {
// ...
},
"details": {
// ...
},
"entitlements": {
// ...
},
"group_ids": {
// ...
},
"product_ids": {
// ...
},
"restart_required": {
// ...
},
"url": {
// ...
}
}
Category of the remediation (category) of value type string and enum specifies the category which this remediation belongs to. Valid values are:
mitigation
no_fix_planned
none_available
vendor_fix
workaround
The value workaround indicates that the remediation contains information about a configuration or specific deployment scenario that can be used to avoid exposure to the vulnerability. There may be none, one, or more workarounds available. This is typically the “first line of defense” against a new vulnerability before a mitigation or vendor fix has been issued or even discovered.
The value mitigation indicates that the remediation contains information about a configuration or deployment scenario that helps to reduce the risk of the vulnerability but that does not resolve the vulnerability on the affected product. Mitigations may include using devices or access controls external to the affected product. Mitigations may or may not be issued by the original author of the affected product, and they may or may not be officially sanctioned by the document producer.
The value vendor_fix indicates that the remediation contains information about an official fix that is issued by the original author of the affected product. Unless otherwise noted, it is assumed that this fix fully resolves the vulnerability.
The value none_available indicates that there is currently no fix available. The description should contain details about why there is no fix.
The value no_fix_planned indicates that there is no fix for the vulnerability and it is not planned to provide one at any time. This is often the case when a product has been orphaned, declared end-of-life, or otherwise deprecated. The description should contain details about why there will be no fix issued.
Date of the remediation (date) of value type string with format date-time contains the date from which the remediation is available.
Details of the remediation (details) of value type string with 1 or more characters contains a thorough human-readable discussion of the remediation.
List of entitlements (entitlements) of value type array with 1 or more items of type Entitlement of the remediation as string with 1 or more characters contains a list of entitlements.
"entitlements": {
// ....
"items": {
// ...
}
},
Every Entitlement of the remediation contains any possible vendor-defined constraints for obtaining fixed software or hardware that fully resolves the vulnerability.
Group IDs (group_ids) are of value type Product Groups (product_groups_t).
Product IDs (product_ids) are of value type Products (products_t).
Restart required by remediation (restart_required) of value type object with the 1 mandatory property Category (category) and the optional property Details (details) provides information on category of restart is required by this remediation to become effective.
"restart_required": {
// ...
"properties": {
"category": {
// ...
}
"details": {
// ...
}
}
},
Category of restart (category) of value type string and enum specifies what category of restart is required by this remediation to become effective. Valid values are:
connected
dependencies
machine
none
parent
service
system
vulnerable_component
zone
The values must be used as follows:
none: No restart required.vulnerable_component: Only the vulnerable component (as given by the elements of product_ids or group_ids in the current remediation item) needs to be restarted.service: The vulnerable component and the background service used by the vulnerable component need to be restarted.parent: The vulnerable component and its parent process need to be restarted. This could be the case if the parent process has no build-in way to restart the vulnerable component or process values / context is only given at the start of the parent process.dependencies: The vulnerable component and all components which require the vulnerable component to work need to be restarted. This could be the case e.g. for a core service of a software.connected: The vulnerable component and all components connected (via network or any type of inter-process communication) to the vulnerable component need to be restarted.machine: The machine on which the vulnerable component is installed on needs to be restarted. This is the value which should be used if an OS needs to be restarted. It is typically the case for OS upgrades.zone: The security zone in which the machine resides on which the vulnerable component is installed needs to be restarted. This value might be useful for a remediation if no patch is available. If the malware can be wiped out by restarting the infected machines but the infection spreads fast the controlled shutdown of all machines at the same time and restart afterwards can leave one with a clean system.system: The whole system which the machine resides on which the vulnerable component is installed needs to be restarted. This may include multiple security zones. This could be the case for a major system upgrade in an ICS system or a protocol change.Additional restart information (details) of value type string with 1 or more characters provides additional information for the restart. This can include details on procedures, scope or impact.
URL (url) of value type string with format uri contains the URL where to obtain the remediation.
List of scores (scores) of value type array with 1 or more items of type score holds a list of score objects for the current vulnerability.
"scores": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
}
},
Value type of every such Score item is object with the mandatory property products and the optional properties cvss_v2 and cvss_v3 specifies information about (at least one) score of the vulnerability and for which products the given value applies. Each Score item has at least 2 properties.
"properties": {
"cvss_v2": {
// ...
},
"cvss_v3": {
"oneOf": [
// ...
]
}
"products": {
// ...
}
}
The property CVSS v2 (cvss_v2) holding a CVSS v2.0 value abiding by the schema at https://www.first.org/cvss/cvss-v2.0.json.
The property CVSS v3 (cvss_v3) holding a CVSS v3.x value abiding by one of the schemas at https://www.first.org/cvss/cvss-v3.0.json or https://www.first.org/cvss/cvss-v3.1.json.
Product IDs (products) of value type products_t with 1 or more items indicates for which products the given scores apply.
List of threats (threats) of value type array with 1 or more items of type object representing Threats contains information about a vulnerability that can change with time.
"threats": {
// ...
"items": {
// ...
}
},
A Threat item is of value type object with the two mandatory properties Category (category) and Details (details) and contains the vulnerability kinetic information. This information can change as the vulnerability ages and new information becomes available. In addition, threat items may provide the three optional properties Date (date), Group IDs (group_ids) and Product IDs (product_ids).
"properties": {
"category": {
// ...
}
"date": {
// ...
},
"details": {
// ...
},
"group_ids": {
// ...
},
"product_ids": {
// ...
}
}
Category of the threat (category) of value type string and enum categorizes the threat according to the rules of the specification. Valid values are:
exploit_status
impact
target_set
The value exploit_status indicates that the details field contains a description of the degree to which an exploit for the vulnerability is known. This knowledge can range from information privately held among a very small group to an issue that has been described to the public at a major conference or is being widely exploited globally. For consistency and simplicity, this section can be a mirror image of the CVSS "Exploitability" metric. However, it can also contain a more contextual status, such as "Weaponized" or "Functioning Code".
The value impact indicates that the details field contains an assessment of the impact on the user or the target set if the vulnerability is successfully exploited or a description why it cannot be exploited. If applicable, for consistency and simplicity, this section can be a textual summary of the three CVSS impact metrics. These metrics measure how a vulnerability detracts from the three core security properties of an information system: Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.
The value target_set indicates that the details field contains a description of the currently known victim population in whatever terms are appropriate. Such terms may include: operating system platform, types of products, user segments, and geographic distribution.
Date of the threat (date) of value type string with format date-time contains the date when the assessment was done or the threat appeared.
Details of the threat (details) of value type string with 1 or more characters represents a thorough human-readable discussion of the threat.
Group IDs (group_ids) are of value type Product Groups (product_groups_t).
Product IDs (product_ids) are of value type Products (products_t).
Title (title) has value type string with 1 or more characters and gives the document producer the ability to apply a canonical name or title to the vulnerability.
CSAF documents do not have many required fields as they can be used for different purposes. To ensure a common understanding which fields are required in a use case the standard defines profiles. Each subsection describes such a profile by describing necessary content for that specific use case and providing insights into its purpose. The value of /document/category is used to identify a CSAF document's profile. Each profile extends the generic profile Generic CSAF making additional fields from the standard mandatory. Any other optional field from the standard can also be added to a CSAF document which conforms with a profile without breaking conformance with the profile. One and only exempt is when the profile requires not to have a certain set of fields.
This profile defines the default required fields for any CSAF document. Therefore, it is a "catch all" for CSAF documents that do not satisfy any other profile. Furthermore, it is the foundation all other profiles are build on.
A CSAF document SHALL fulfill the following requirements to satisfy the profile "Generic CSAF":
/document/category/document/publisher/category/document/publisher/name/document/publisher/namespace/document/title/document/tracking/current_release_date/document/tracking/id/document/tracking/initial_release_date/document/tracking/revision_history[]/date/document/tracking/revision_history[]/number/document/tracking/revision_history[]/summary/document/tracking/status/document/tracking/version/document/category SHALL NOT be equal to any value that is intended to only be used by another profile nor the (case insensitive) name of any other profile. This does not differentiate between underscore, dash or whitespace. To explicitly select the use of this profile the value generic_csaf SHOULD be used.Neither
Security Advisorynorsecurity advisoryare valid values for/document/category.
An issuing party might choose to set /document/publisher/name in front of a value that is intended to only be used by another profile to state that the CSAF document does not use the profile associated with this value. This should be done if the issuing party is able or unwilling to use the value generic_csaf, e.g. due to legal or cooperate identity reasons.
Both values
Example Company Security AdvisoryandExample Company security_advisoryin/document/categoryuse the profile "Generic CSAF". This is important to prepare forward compatibility as later versions of CSAF might add new profiles. Therefore, the values which can be used for the profile "Generic CSAF" might change.
This profile SHOULD be used to provide a response to a security breach or incident. This MAY also be used to convey information about an incident that is unrelated to the issuing party's own products or infrastructure.
Example Company might use a CSAF document satisfying this profile to respond to a security incident at ACME Inc. and the implications on its own products and infrastructure.
A CSAF document SHALL fulfill the following requirements to satisfy the profile "Security incident response":
/document/notes with at least one item which has a category of description, details, general or summary
Reasoning: Without at least one note item which contains information about response to the event referred to this doesn't provide any useful information.
/document/references
This should be used to refer to one or more documents or websites which provides more details about the incident. The
categoryfor such references SHOULD beexternal.
/document/category SHALL be security_incident_response.This profile SHOULD be used to provide information which are not related to a vulnerability but e.g. a misconfiguration.
A CSAF document SHALL fulfill the following requirements to satisfy the profile "Informational Advisory":
/document/notes with at least one item which has a category of description, details, general or summary
Reasoning: Without at least one note item which contains information about the "issue" which is the topic of the advisory it is useless.
/document/references
This should be used to refer to one or more documents or websites which provide more details about the issue or its remediation (if possible). This could be a hardening guide, a manual, best practices or any other helpful information.
/document/category SHALL be informational_advisory./vulnerabilities SHALL NOT exist. If there is any information that would reside in the element /vulnerabilities the CSAF document SHOULD use another profile, e.g. "Security Advisory".If the element /product_tree exists, a user MUST assume that all products mentioned are affected.
This profile SHOULD be used to provide information which is related to vulnerabilities and corresponding remediations.
A CSAF document SHALL fulfill the following requirements to satisfy the profile "Security Advisory":
/product_tree which lists all products referenced later on in the CSAF document regardless of their state./vulnerabilities[]/notes
Provides details about the vulnerability.
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status
Lists each product's status in regard to the vulnerability.
/document/category SHALL be security_advisory.This profile SHOULD be used to provide information of the "Vulnerability Exploitability eXchange". The main purpose of the VEX format is to state that and why a certain product is, or is not, affected by a vulnerability. See [VEX] for details.
A CSAF document SHALL fulfill the following requirements to satisfy the profile "VEX":
/product_tree which lists all products referenced later on in the CSAF document regardless of their state./vulnerabilities[]/product_status/fixed/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_affected/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_not_affected/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/under_investigation/vulnerabilities[]/cve/vulnerabilities[]/id/vulnerabilities[]/notes
Provides details about the vulnerability.
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_not_affected an impact statement SHALL exist in /vulnerabilities[]/threats. The category value for such a statement MUST be impact and the details field SHALL contain a a description why the vulnerability cannot be exploited./vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_affected additional product specific information SHALL be provided in /vulnerabilities[]/remediations as an action statement. Optional, additional information MAY also be provide through /vulnerabilities[]/notes and /vulnerabilities[]/threats.
The use of the categories
no_fix_plannedandnone_availablefor an action statement is permitted.
Even though Product status lists Product IDs, Product Group IDs can be used in the
remediationsandthreatsobject. However, it MUST be ensured that for each Product ID the required information according to its product status as stated in the two points above is available. This implies that all products with the statusknown_not_affectedMUST have an impact statement and all products with the statusknown_affectedMUST have additional product specific information regardless of whether that is referenced through the Product ID or a Product Group ID.
/document/category SHALL be vex.This section provides additional rules for handling CSAF documents.
The following rules MUST be applied to determine the filename for the CSAF document:
/document/tracking/id is converted into lower case._):
+ (0x2B), - (0x2D), _ (0x5F).json MUST be appended.Examples 39:
cisco-sa-20190513-secureboot.json
example_company_-_2019-yh3234.json
rhba-2019_0024.json
If multiple CSAF documents are transported via a data stream in a sequence without requests inbetween, they MUST be separated by the Record Separator in accordance with [RFC7464].
The keys within a CSAF document SHOULD be sorted alphabetically.
The following three subsections list a number of tests which all will have a short description and an excerpt of an example which fails the test.
Mandatory tests MUST NOT fail at a valid CSAF document. A program MUST handle a test failure as an error.
For each element of type /$defs/product_id_t which is not inside a Full Product Name (type: full_product_name_t) and therefore reference an element within the product_tree it must be tested that the Full Product Name element with the matching product_id exists. The same applies for all items of elements of type /$defs/products_t.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/product_tree/product_groups[]/product_ids[]
/product_tree/relationships[]/product_reference
/product_tree/relationships[]/relates_to_product_reference
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/first_affected[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/first_fixed[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/fixed[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_affected[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_not_affected[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/last_affected[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/recommended[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/under_investigation[]
/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/product_ids[]
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/products[]
/vulnerabilities[]/threats[]/product_ids[]
Example 40 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"product_groups": [
{
"group_id": "CSAFGID-1020300",
"product_ids": [
"CSAFPID-9080700",
"CSAFPID-9080701"
]
}
]
}
Neither
CSAFPID-9080700norCSAFPID-9080701were defined in theproduct_tree.
For each Product ID (type /$defs/product_id_t) in Full Product Name elements (type: /$defs/full_product_name_t) it must be tested that the product_id was not already defined within the same document.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_id
/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_id
/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_id
Example 41 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"name": "Product A"
},
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"name": "Product B"
}
]
}
CSAFPID-9080700was defined twice.
For each new defined Product ID (type /$defs/product_id_t) in items of relationships (/product_tree/relationships) it must be tested that the product_id does not end up in a cirle.
The relevant path for this test is:
/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_id
As this can be quite complex a program for large CSAF documents, a program could check first whether a Product ID defined in a relationship item is used as
product_referenceorrelates_to_product_reference. Only for those which fulfill this condition it is necessary to run the full check following the references.
Example 42 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"name": "Product A"
}
],
"relationships": [
{
"category": "installed_on",
"full_product_name": {
"name": "Product B",
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080701"
},
"product_reference": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"relates_to_product_reference": "CSAFPID-9080701"
}
]
}
CSAFPID-9080701refers to itself - this is a circular definition.
For each element of type /$defs/product_group_id_t which is not inside a Product Group (/product_tree/product_groups[]) and therefore reference an element within the product_tree it must be tested that the Product Group element with the matching group_id exists. The same applies for all items of elements of type /$defs/product_groups_t.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/group_ids
/vulnerabilities[]/threats[]/group_ids
Example 43 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"name": "Product A"
}
]
},
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"threats": [
{
"category": "exploit_status",
"details": "Reliable exploits integrated in Metasploit.",
"group_ids": [
"CSAFGID-1020301"
]
}
]
}
]
CSAFGID-1020301was not defined in the Product Tree.
For each Product Group ID (type /$defs/product_group_id_t) Product Group elements (/product_tree/product_groups[]) it must be tested that the group_id was not already defined within the same document.
The relevant path for this test is:
/product_tree/product_groups[]/group_id
Example 44 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"name": "Product A"
},
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080701",
"name": "Product B"
},
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080702",
"name": "Product C"
}
],
"product_groups": [
{
"group_id": "CSAFGID-1020300",
"product_ids": [
"CSAFPID-9080700",
"CSAFPID-9080701"
]
},
{
"group_id": "CSAFGID-1020300",
"product_ids": [
"CSAFPID-9080700",
"CSAFPID-9080702"
]
}
]
}
CSAFGID-1020300was defined twice.
For each item in /vulnerabilities it must be tested that the same Product ID is not member of contradicting product status groups. The sets formed by the contradicting groups within one vulnerability item must be pairwise disjoint.
Contradiction groups are:
Affected:
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/first_affected[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_affected[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/last_affected[]
Not affected:
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_not_affected[]
Fixed:
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/first_fixed[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/fixed[]
Under investigation:
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/under_investigation[]
Note: An issuer might recommend (
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/recommended) a product version from any group - also from the affected group, i.e. if it was discoveres that fixed versions introduce a more severe vulnerability.
Example 45 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"name": "Product A"
}
]
},
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"product_status": {
"known_affected": [
"CSAFPID-9080700"
],
"known_not_affected": [
"CSAFPID-9080700"
]
}
}
]
CSAFPID-9080700is a member of the two contradicting groups "Affected" and "Not affected".
For each item in /vulnerabilities it must be tested that the same Product ID is not member of more than one CVSS-Vectors with the same version.
The relevant path for this test is:
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]
Example 46 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"name": "Product A"
}
]
},
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"scores": [
{
"products": [
"CSAFPID-9080700"
],
"cvss_v3": {
"version": "3.1",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"baseScore": 10,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL"
}
},
{
"products": [
"CSAFPID-9080700"
],
"cvss_v3": {
"version": "3.1",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"baseScore": 6.5,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM"
}
}
]
}
]
Two CVSS v3.1 scores are given for
CSAFPID-9080700.
It must be tested that the given CVSS object is valid according to the referenced schema.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3
Example 47 which fails the test:
"cvss_v3": {
"version": "3.1",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"baseScore": 6.5
}
The required element
baseSeverityis missing.
A tool MAY add one or more of the missing properties
version,baseScoreandbaseSeveritybased on the values given invectorStringas quick fix.
It must be tested that the given CVSS object has the values computed correctly according to the definition.
The
vectorStringSHOULD take precedence.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/baseScore
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/temporalScore
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/environmentalScore
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/baseScore
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/baseSeverity
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/temporalScore
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/temporalSeverity
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/environmentalScore
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/environmentalSeverity
Example 48 which fails the test:
"cvss_v3": {
"version": "3.1",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"baseScore": 10.0,
"baseSeverity": "LOW"
}
Neither
baseScorenorbaseSeverityhas the correct value according to the specification.
A tool MAY set the correct values as computed according to the specification as quick fix.
It must be tested that the given CVSS properties do not contradict the CVSS vector.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3
Example 49 which fails the test:
"cvss_v3": {
"version": "3.1",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"baseScore": 9.8,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"availabilityImpact": "LOW"
}
The values in CVSS vector differs from values of the properties
attackVector,scopeandavailabilityImpact.
A tool MAY overwrite contradicting values according to the
vectorStringas quick fix.
It must be tested that given CWE exists and is valid.
The relevant path for this test is:
/vulnerabilities[]/cwe
Example 50 which fails the test:
"cwe": {
"id": "CWE-79",
"name": "Improper Input Validation"
}
The
CWE-79exists. However, its name isImproper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting').
For each element of type /$defs/language_t it must be tested that the language code is valid and exists.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/document/lang
/document/source_lang
Example 51 which fails the test:
"lang": "EZ"
EZis not a valid language. It is the subtag for the region "Eurozone".
For any deprecated subtag, a tool MAY replace it with its preferred value as a quick fix.
It must be tested that given PURL is valid.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/purl
/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/purl
/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/purl
Example 52 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"name": "Product A",
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"product_identification_helper": {
"purl": "pkg:maven/@1.3.4"
}
}
]
}
Any valid purl has a name component.
It must be tested that the value of number of items of the revision history are sorted ascending when the items are sorted ascending by date.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/tracking/revision_history
Example 53 which fails the test:
"revision_history": [
{
"date": "2021-07-22T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "2",
"summary": "Second version."
},
{
"date": "2021-07-23T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "1",
"summary": "Initial version."
}
]
The first item has a higher version number than the second.
It must be tested that /document/source_lang is present and set if the value translator is used for /document/publisher/category.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/source_lang
Example 54 which fails the test:
"document": {
// ...
"publisher": {
"category": "translator",
"name": "CSAF TC Translator",
"namespace": "https://csaf.io/translator"
},
"title": "Mandatory test: Translator (failing example 1)",
// ...
}
The required element
source_langis missing.
It must be tested that document version has the same value as the the number in the last item of Revision History when it is sorted ascending by date. Build metadata is ignored in the comparison. Any pre-release part is also ignored if the document status is draft.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/tracking/version
Example 55 which fails the test:
"tracking": {
// ...
"revision_history": [
{
"date": "2021-07-21T09:00:00.000Z",
"number": "1",
"summary": "Initial version."
},
{
"date": "2021-07-21T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "2",
"summary": "Second version."
}
],
// ...
"version": "1"
}
The value of
numberof the last item after sorting is2. However, the document version is1.
It must be tested that document status is draft if the document version is 0 or 0.y.z or contains the pre-release part.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/tracking/status
Example 56 which fails the test:
"tracking": {
// ...
"status": "final",
"version": "0.9.5"
}
The
/document/tracking/versionis0.9.5but the document status isfinal.
It must be tested that no item of the revision history has a number of 0 or 0.y.z when the document status is final or interim.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/tracking/revision_history[]/number
Example 57 which fails the test:
"tracking": {
// ...
"revision_history": [
{
"date": "2021-05-17T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "0",
"summary": "First draft"
},
{
"date": "2021-07-21T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "1",
"summary": "Initial version."
}
],
"status": "final",
"version": "1"
}
The document status is
finalbut the revision history includes an item which has0as value fornumber.
It must be tested that no item of the revision history has a number which includes pre-release information.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/tracking/revision_history[]/number
Example 58 which fails the test:
"revision_history": [
{
"date": "2021-04-22T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "1.0.0-rc",
"summary": "Release Candidate for initial version."
},
{
"date": "2021-04-23T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "1.0.0",
"summary": "Initial version."
}
]
The revision history contains an item which has a
numberthat indicates that this is pre-release.
It must be tested that document version does not contain a pre-release part if the document status is final or interim.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/tracking/version
Example 59 which fails the test:
"tracking": {
// ...
"status": "interim",
"version": "1.0.0-alpha"
}
The document status is
interimbut the document version contains the pre-release part-alpha.
It must be tested that items of the revision history do not omit a version number when the items are sorted ascending by date. In the case of semantic versioning, this applies only to the Major version.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/tracking/revision_history
Example 60 which fails the test:
"revision_history": [
{
"date": "2021-04-22T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "1",
"summary": "Initial version."
},
{
"date": "2021-07-21T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "3",
"summary": "Some other changes."
}
]
The item for version
2is missing.
It must be tested that items of the revision history do not contain the same version number.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/tracking/revision_history
Example 61 which fails the test:
"revision_history": [
{
"date": "2021-07-20T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "1",
"summary": "Initial version."
},
{
"date": "2021-07-21T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "1",
"summary": "Some other changes."
}
]
The revision history contains two items with the version number
1.
It must be tested that a CVE is not used in multiple vulnerability items.
The relevant path for this test is:
/vulnerabilities[]/cve
Example 62 which fails the test:
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"cve": "CVE-2017-0145"
},
{
"cve": "CVE-2017-0145"
}
]
The vulnerabilities array contains two items with the same CVE identifier
CVE-2017-0145.
It must be tested that items of the list of involvements do not contain the same party regardless of its status more than once at any date.
The relevant path for this test is:
/vulnerabilities[]/involvements
Example 63 which fails the test:
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"involvements": [
{
"date": "2021-04-23T10:00:00.000Z",
"party": "vendor",
"status": "completed"
},
{
"date": "2021-04-23T10:00:00.000Z",
"party": "vendor",
"status": "in_progress",
"summary": "The vendor has released a mitigation and is working to fully resolve the issue."
}
]
}
]
The list of involvements contains two items with the same tuple
partyanddate.
It must be tested that the same hash algorithm is not used multiple times in one item of hashes.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes
/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes
/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes
Example 64 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"name": "Product A",
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"product_identification_helper": {
"hashes": [
{
"file_hashes": [
{
"algorithm": "sha256",
"value": "026a37919b182ef7c63791e82c9645e2f897a3f0b73c7a6028c7febf62e93838"
},
{
"algorithm": "sha256",
"value": "0a853ce2337f0608489ac596a308dc5b7b19d35a52b10bf31261586ac368b175"
}
],
"filename": "product_a.so"
}
]
}
}
]
}
The hash algorithm
sha256is used two times in one item of hashes.
It must be tested that the document category is not equal to the (case insensitive) name of any other profile than "Generic CSAF". This does not differentiate between underscore, dash or whitespace. This test does only apply for CSAF documents with the profile "Generic CSAF". Therefore, it must be skipped if the document category matches one of the values defined for the profile other than "Generic CSAF".
For CSAF 2.0, the test must be skipped for the following values in
/document/category:security_incident_response informational_advisory security_advisory vex
This is the only test related to the profile "Generic CSAF" as the required fields SHALL be checked by validating the JSON schema.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/category
Examples 65 for currently prohibited values:
Informational Advisory
security-incident-response
Security Advisory
veX
Example 66 which fails the test:
"category": "Security_Incident_Response"
The value
Security_Incident_Responseis the name of a profile where the space was replaced with underscores.
This subsubsection structures the tests for the profiles. Not all tests apply for all profiles. Tests SHOULD be skipped if the document category does not match the one given in the test. Each of the following tests SHOULD be treated as they where listed similar to the other tests.
An application MAY group these tests by profiles when providing the additional function to only run one or more selected tests. This results in one virtual test per profile.
It must be tested that at least one item in /document/notes exists which has a category of description, details, general or summary.
The relevant values for /document/category are:
security_incident_response
informational_advisory
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/notes
Example 67 which fails the test:
"notes": [
{
"category": "legal_disclaimer",
"text": "The CSAF document is provided to You \"AS IS\" and \"AS AVAILABLE\" and with all faults and defects without warranty of any kind.",
"title": "Terms of Use"
}
]
The document notes do not contain an item which has a
categoryofdescription,details,generalorsummary.
It must be tested that at least one item in /document/references exists that has links to an external source.
The relevant values for /document/category are:
security_incident_response
informational_advisory
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/references
Example 68 which fails the test:
"references": [
{
"category": "self",
"summary": "The canonical URL.",
"url": "https://example.com/security/data/csaf/2021/OASIS_CSAF_TC-CSAF_2_0-2021-6-1-27-02-01.json"
}
]
The document references do not contain any item which has the category
external.
It must be tested that the element /vulnerabilities does not exist.
The relevant value for /document/category is:
informational_advisory
The relevant path for this test is:
/vulnerabilities
Example 69 which fails the test:
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"title": "A vulnerability item that SHALL NOT exist"
}
]
The element
/vulnerabilitiesexists.
A tool MAY change the
/document/categorytogeneric_csafas a quick fix.
It must be tested that the element /product_tree exists.
The relevant values for /document/category are:
security_advisory
vex
The relevant path for this test is:
/product_tree
Example 70 which fails the test:
{
"document": {
// ...
},
"vulnerabilities": [
// ...
]
}
The element
/product_treedoes not exist.
For each item in /vulnerabilities it must be tested that the element notes exists.
The relevant values for /document/category are:
security_advisory
vex
The relevant path for this test is:
/vulnerabilities[]/notes
Example 71 which fails the test:
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"title": "A vulnerability item without a note"
}
]
The vulnerability item has no
noteselement.
For each item in /vulnerabilities it must be tested that the element product_status exists.
The relevant value for /document/category is:
security_advisory
The relevant path for this test is:
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status
Example 72 which fails the test:
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"title": "A vulnerability item without a product status"
}
]
The vulnerability item has no
product_statuselement.
For each item in /vulnerabilities it must be tested that at least one of the elements fixed, known_affected, known_not_affected, or under_investigation is present in product_status.
The relevant value for /document/category is:
vex
The relevant paths for this test are:
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/fixed
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_affected
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_not_affected
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/under_investigation
Example 73 which fails the test:
"product_status": {
"first_fixed": [
// ...
],
"recommended": [
// ...
]
}
None of the elements
fixed,known_affected,known_not_affected, orunder_investigationis present inproduct_status.
For each item in /vulnerabilities it must be tested that at least one of the elements cve or id is present.
The relevant value for /document/category is:
vex
The relevant paths for this test are:
/vulnerabilities[]/cve
/vulnerabilities[]/id
Example 74 which fails the test:
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"title": "A vulnerability item without a CVE or ID"
}
]
None of the elements
cveoridis present.
For each item in /vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_not_affected it must be tested that a corresponding impact statement exist in /vulnerabilities[]/threats. The category value for such a statement MUST be impact.
The relevant value for /document/category is:
vex
The relevant path for this test is:
/vulnerabilities[]/threats
Example 75 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"name": "Product A"
},
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080701",
"name": "Product B"
},
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080702",
"name": "Product C"
}
],
"product_groups": [
{
"group_id": "CSAFGID-0001",
"product_ids": [
"CSAFPID-9080700",
"CSAFPID-9080701"
]
}
]
},
"vulnerabilities": [
{
// ...
"product_status": {
"known_not_affected": [
"CSAFPID-9080700",
"CSAFPID-9080701",
"CSAFPID-9080702"
]
},
"threats": [
{
"category": "impact",
"details": "The vulnerable code is not present in these products.",
"group_ids": [
"CSAFGID-0001"
]
}
]
}
]
There is no impact statement for
CSAFPID-9080702. Note: The impact statement forCSAFPID-9080700andCSAFPID-9080701is given throughCSAFGID-0001.
For each item in /vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_affected it must be tested that a corresponding action statement exist in /vulnerabilities[]/remediations.
The relevant value for /document/category is:
vex
The relevant path for this test is:
/vulnerabilities[]/remediations
Example 76 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"name": "Product A"
},
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080701",
"name": "Product B"
},
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080702",
"name": "Product C"
}
],
"product_groups": [
{
"group_id": "CSAFGID-0001",
"product_ids": [
"CSAFPID-9080700",
"CSAFPID-9080701"
],
"summary": "EOL products"
}
]
},
"vulnerabilities": [
{
// ...
"product_status": {
"known_affected": [
"CSAFPID-9080700",
"CSAFPID-9080701",
"CSAFPID-9080702"
]
},
"remediations": [
{
"category": "no_fix_planned",
"details": "These products are end-of-life. Therefore, no fix will be provided.",
"group_ids": [
"CSAFGID-0001"
]
}
]
}
]
There is no action statement for
CSAFPID-9080702. Note: The action statement forCSAFPID-9080700andCSAFPID-9080701is given throughCSAFGID-0001.
Optional tests SHOULD NOT fail at a valid CSAF document without a good reason. Failing such a test does not make the CSAF document invalid. These tests may include information about features which are still supported but expected to be deprecated in a future version of CSAF. A program MUST handle a test failure as a warning.
For each Product ID (type /$defs/product_id_t) in Full Product Name elements (type: /$defs/full_product_name_t) it must be tested that the product_id is referenced somewhere within the same document.
This test SHALL be skipped for CSAF documents conforming the profile "Informational Advisory".
The relevant paths for this test are:
/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_id
/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_id
/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_id
Example 77 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"name": "Product A"
}
]
}
CSAFPID-9080700was defined but never used.
A tool MAY remove the unused definition as quick fix. However, such quick fix SHALL not be applied if the test was skipped.
For each Product ID (type /$defs/product_id_t) in the Product Status groups Affected and Under investigation it must be tested that a remediation exists.
The remediation might be of the category
none_availableorno_fixed_planned.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/first_affected[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_affected[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/last_affected[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/under_investigation[]
Example 78 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"name": "Product A"
}
]
},
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"product_status": {
"last_affected": [
"CSAFPID-9080700"
]
}
}
]
CSAFPID-9080700has in Product Statuslast_affectedbut there is no remediation object for this Product ID.
For each Product ID (type /$defs/product_id_t) in the Product Status groups Affected it must be tested that a score object exists which covers this product.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/first_affected[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_affected[]
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/last_affected[]
Example 79 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"name": "Product A"
}
]
},
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"product_status": {
"first_affected": [
"CSAFPID-9080700"
]
}
}
]
CSAFPID-9080700has in Product Statusfirst_affectedbut there is no score object which covers this Product ID.
For each item in revision history it must be tested that number does not include build metadata.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/tracking/revision_history[]/number
Example 80 which fails the test:
"revision_history": [
{
"date": "2021-04-23T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "1.0.0+exp.sha.ac00785",
"summary": "Initial version."
}
]
The revision history contains an item which has a
numberthat includes the build metadata+exp.sha.ac00785.
It must be tested that the Initial Release Date is not older than the date of the oldest item in Revision History.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/tracking/initial_release_date
Example 81 which fails the test:
"tracking": {
// ...
"initial_release_date": "2021-04-22T10:00:00.000Z",
"revision_history": [
{
"date": "2021-05-06T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "1",
"summary": "Initial version."
},
{
"date": "2021-07-21T11:00:00.000Z",
"number": "2",
"summary": "Second version."
}
],
// ...
}
The initial release date
2021-04-22T10:00:00.000Zis older than2021-05-06T10:00:00.000Zwhich is thedateof the oldest item in Revision History.
It must be tested that the Current Release Date is not older than the date of the newest item in Revision History.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/tracking/current_release_date
Example 82 which fails the test:
"tracking": {
"current_release_date": "2021-05-06T10:00:00.000Z",
// ...
"revision_history": [
{
"date": "2021-05-06T10:00:00.000Z",
"number": "1",
"summary": "Initial version."
},
{
"date": "2021-07-21T11:00:00.000Z",
"number": "2",
"summary": "Second version."
}
],
// ...
}
The current release date
2021-05-06T10:00:00.000Zis older than2021-05-23T1100:00.000Zwhich is thedateof the newest item in Revision History.
For each item in the list of involvements it must be tested that it includes the property date.
The relevant path for this test is:
/vulnerabilities[]/involvements
Example 83 which fails the test:
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"involvements": [
{
"party": "vendor",
"status": "in_progress"
}
]
}
]
The list of involvements contains an item which does not contain the property
date.
It must be tested that the hash algorithm md5 is not the only one present.
Since collision attacks exist for MD5 such value should be accompanied by a second cryptographically stronger hash. This will allow users to double check the results.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes
/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes
/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes
Example 84 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"name": "Product A",
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"product_identification_helper": {
"hashes": [
{
"file_hashes": [
{
"algorithm": "md5",
"value": "6ae24620ea9656230f49234efd078935"
}
],
"filename": "product_a.so"
}
]
}
}
]
}
The hash algorithm
md5is used in one item of hashes without being accompanied by a second hash algorithm.
It must be tested that the hash algorithm sha1 is not the only one present.
Since collision attacks exist for SHA-1 such value should be accompanied by a second cryptographically stronger hash. This will allow users to double check the results.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes
/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes
/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes
Example 85 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"name": "Product A",
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"product_identification_helper": {
"hashes": [
{
"file_hashes": [
{
"algorithm": "sha1",
"value": "e067035314dd8673fe1c9fc6b01414fe0950fdc4"
}
],
"filename": "product_a.so"
}
]
}
}
]
}
The hash algorithm
sha1is used in one item of hashes without being accompanied by a second hash algorithm.
It must be tested that /document/distribution/tlp/label is present and valid.
TLP labels support the machine-readability and automated distribution.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/distribution/tlp/label
Example 86 which fails the test:
"distribution": {
"text": "Distribute freely."
}
The CSAF document has no TLP label.
It must be tested that the CSAF document has a canonical URL.
To implement this test it is demeeded sufficient that one item in
/document/referencesfulfills all of the following:
- It has the category
self.- The
urlstarts withhttps://.- The
urlends with the valid filename for the CSAF document according to the rules in section 5.1.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/references
Example 87 which fails the test:
"document": {
// ...
"references": [
{
"category": "self",
"summary": "A non-canonical URL.",
"url": "https://example.com/security/data/csaf/2021/OASIS_CSAF_TC-CSAF_2.0-2021-6-2-11-01_1.json"
}
],
// ...
"tracking": {
// ...
"id": "OASIS_CSAF_TC-CSAF_2.0-2021-6-2-11-01",
// ...
"version": "1"
},
// ...
}
The only element where the
categoryisselfhas a URL that does not fulfill the requirement of a valid filename for a CSAF document.
It must be tested that the document language is present and set.
The relevant path for this test is:
/document/lang
Example 88 which fails the test:
"document": {
"category": "generic_csaf",
"csaf_version": "2.0",
"publisher": {
// ...
},
// ...
}
The document laguange is not defined.
It must be tested that all keys in a CSAF document are sorted alphabetically.
The relevant path for this test is:
/
Example 89 which fails the test:
"document": {
"csaf_version": "2.0",
"category": "generic_csaf",
// ...
}
The key
csaf_versionis not at the right place.
A tool MAY sort the keys as a quick fix.
Informative tests provide insights in common mistakes and bad practices. They MAY fail at a valid CSAF document. It is up to the issuing party to decide whether this was an intended behavior and can be ignore or should be treated. These tests may include information about recommended usage. A program MUST handle a test failure as a information.
For each item in the list of scores which contains the cvss_v2 object it must be tested that is not the only scoring item present. The test SHALL pass if a second scoring object is available.
The relevant path for this test is:
/vulnerabilities[]/scores
Example 90 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"name": "Product A"
}
]
},
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"scores": [
{
"products": [
"CSAFPID-9080700"
],
"cvss_v2": {
"version": "2.0",
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C",
"baseScore": 10
}
}
]
}
]
There is only a CVSS v2 score given for
CSAFPID-9080700.
Recommendation:
It is recommended to (also) use the CVSS v3.1.
For each item in the list of scores which contains the cvss_v3 object it must be tested that CVSS v3.0 is not used.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/version
/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/vectorString
Example 91 which fails the test:
"cvss_v3": {
"version": "3.0",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"baseScore": 6.5,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM"
}
The CVSS v3.0 is used.
Recommendation:
It is recommended to upgrade to CVSS v3.1.
A tool MAY upgrade to CVSS v3.1 as quick fix. However, if such quick fix is supported the tool SHALL also recompute the
baseScoreandbaseSeverity. The same applies fortemporalScoreandtemporalSeverityrespectivelyenvironmentalScoreandenvironmentalSeverityif the necessary fields for computing their value are present and set.
It must be tested that the CVE number is given.
The relevant path for this test is:
/vulnerabilities[]/cve
Example 92 which fails the test:
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"title": "BlueKeep"
}
]
The CVE number is not given.
Recommendation:
It is recommended to provide a CVE number to support the users efforts to find more details about a vulnerability and potentially track it through multiple advisories. If no CVE exists for that vulnerability, it is recommended to get one assigned.
It must be tested that the CWE is given.
The relevant path for this test is:
/vulnerabilities[]/cwe
Example 93 which fails the test:
"vulnerabilities": [
{
"cve": "CVE-2019-0708",
"title": "BlueKeep"
}
]
The CWE number is not given.
It must be tested that the length of the hash value is not shorter than 64 characters.
The relevant paths for this test are:
/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes[]/value
/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes[]/value
/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes[]/value
Example 94 which fails the test:
"product_tree": {
"full_product_names": [
{
"name": "Product A",
"product_id": "CSAFPID-9080700",
"product_identification_helper": {
"hashes": [
{
"file_hashes": [
{
"algorithm": "md4",
"value": "3202b50e2e5b2fcd75e284c3d9d5f8d6"
}
],
"filename": "product_a.so"
}
]
}
}
]
}
The length of the hash value is only 32 characters long.
For each URL which is not in the category self it must be tested that it resolves with a HTTP status code from the 2xx (Successful) or 3xx (Redirection) class.
This test does not apply for any item in an array of type
references_twith the categoryself. For details about the HTTP status code classes see [RFC7231].
The relevant paths for this test are:
/document/acknowledgments[]/urls[]
/document/aggregate_severity/namespace
/document/distribution/tlp/url
/document/references[]/url
/document/publisher/namespace
/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/sbom_urls[]
/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/namespace
/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/uri
/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/sbom_urls[]
/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/namespace
/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/uri
/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/sbom_urls[]
/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/namespace
/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/uri
/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/sbom_urls[]
/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/namespace
/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/uri
/vulnerabilities[]/acknowledgments[]/urls[]
/vulnerabilities[]/references[]/url
/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/url
Example 95 which fails the test:
"references": [
{
"summary": "A URL that does not resolve with HTTP status code in the interval between (including) 200 and (excluding) 400.",
"url": "https://example.invalid"
}
]
The
categoryis not set and therefore treated as its default valueexternal. A request to that URL does not resolve with a status code from the 2xx (Successful) or 3xx (Redirection) class.
For each item in an array of type references_t with the category self it must be tested that the URL referenced resolves with a HTTP status code less than 400.
This test will most likely fail if the CSAF document is in a status before the initial release. For details about the HTTP status code classes see [RFC7231].
The relevant paths for this test are:
/document/references[]/url
/vulnerabilities[]/references[]/url
Example 96 which fails the test:
"references": [
{
"category": "self",
"summary": "A URL that does not resolve with HTTP status code in the interval between (including) 200 and (excluding) 400.",
"url": "https://example.invalid"
}
]
The
categoryisselfand a request to that URL does not resolve with a status code from the 2xx (Successful) or 3xx (Redirection) class.
If the document language is given it must be tested that a spell check for the given language does not find any mistakes. The test SHALL be skipped if not document language is set. It SHALL fail it the given language is not supported. The value of /document/category should not be tested if the CSAF document does not use the profile "Generic CSAF".
The relevant paths for this test are:
/document/acknowledgments[]/names[]
/document/acknowledgments[]/organization
/document/acknowledgments[]/summary
/document/aggregate_severity/text
/document/category
/document/distribution/text
/document/notes[]/audience
/document/notes[]/text
/document/notes[]/title
/document/publisher/issuing_authority
/document/publisher/name
/document/references[]/summary
/document/title
/document/tracking/aliases[]
/document/tracking/generator/engine/name
/document/tracking/revision_history[]/summary
/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/name
/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/name
/product_tree/branches[]/name
/product_tree/branches[]/product/name
/product_tree/full_product_names[]/name
/product_tree/product_groups[]/summary
/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/name
/vulnerabilities[]/acknowledgments[]/names[]
/vulnerabilities[]/acknowledgments[]/organization
/vulnerabilities[]/acknowledgments[]/summary
/vulnerabilities[]/involvements[]/summary
/vulnerabilities[]/notes[]/audience
/vulnerabilities[]/notes[]/text
/vulnerabilities[]/notes[]/title
/vulnerabilities[]/references[]/summary
/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/details
/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/entitlements[]
/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/restart_required/details
/vulnerabilities[]/threats[]/details
/vulnerabilities[]/title
Example 97 which fails the test:
"document": {
// ...
"lang": "en",
"notes": [
{
"category": "summary",
"text": "Secruity researchers found multiple vulnerabilities in XYZ."
}
],
// ...
}
There is a spelling mistake in
Secruity.
This section lists requirements and roles defined for distributing CSAF documents. The first subsection provides all requirements - the second one the roles. It is mandatory to fulfill the basic role "CSAF publisher".
The requirements in this subsection are consecutively numbered to be able to refer to them directly. The order does not give any hint about the importance. Not all requirements have to be fulfilled to conform to this specification - the sets of requirements per conformance clause are defined in section 7.2.
The document is a valid CSAF document (cf. Conformance clause 1).
The CSAF document has a filename according to the rules in section 5.1.
The CSAF document is per default retrievable from a website which uses TLS for encryption and server authenticity. The CSAF document MUST not be downloadable from a location which does not encrypt the transport when crossing organizational boundaries to maintain the chain of custody.
If the CSAF document is labeled TLP:WHITE, it MUST be freely accessible.
This does not exclude that such a document is also available in an access protected customer portal. However, there MUST be one copy of the document available for people without access to the portal.
Reasoning: If an advisory is already in the media, an end user should not be forced to collect the pieces of information from a press release but be able to retrieve the CSAF document.
CSAF documents labeled TLP:AMBER or TLP:RED MUST be access protected. If they are provided via a webserver this SHALL be done under a different path than for TLP:WHITE, TLP:GREEN and unlabeled CSAF documents. TLS client authentication, access tokens or any other automatable authentication method SHALL be used.
An issuing party MAY agree with the recipients to use any kind of secured drop at the recipients' side to avoid putting them on their own website. However, it mUST be ensured that the documents are still access protected.
Redirects SHOULD NOT be used. If they are inevitable only HTTP Header redirects are allowed.
Reasoning: Clients should not parse the payload for navigation and some, as e.g.
curl, do not follow any other kind of redirects.
The party MUST provide a valid provider-metadata.json according to the schema CSAF provider metadata for its own metadata. The publisher object SHOULD match the one used in the CSAF documents of the issuing party but can be set to whatever value a CSAF aggregator should display over any individual publisher values in the CSAF documents themselves.
This information is used to collect the data for CSAF aggregators, listers and end users. The CSAF provider metadata schema ensures the consistency of the metadata for a CSAF provider across the ecosystem. Other approaches, like extracting the
publisherobject from CSAF documents, are likely to fail if the object differs between CSAf documents.It is suggested to put the file
provider-metadata.jsonadjacent to the ROLIE feed documents (requirement 15) or in the main directory adjacent to the year folders (requirement 14),changes.csv(requirement 13) and theindex.txt(requirement 12). Suggested locations to store theprovider-metadata.jsonare:
Examples 98 Minimal with ROLIE document:
{
"canonical_url": "https://www.example.com/.well-known/csaf/provider-metadata.json",
"distributions": [
{
"rolie":{
"feeds": [
{
"summary":"All TLP:WHITE advisories of Example Company.",
"tlp_label": "WHITE",
"url": "https://www.example.com/.well-known/csaf/feed-tlp-white.json"
}
]
}
}
],
"last_updated": "2021-07-12T20:20:56.169Z",
"list_on_CSAF_aggregators": true,
"metadata_version": "2.0",
"mirror_on_CSAF_aggregators": true,
"pgp_keys": [
{
"fingerprint": "8F5F267907B2C4559DB360DB2294BA7D2B2298B1",
"url": "https://keys.example.net/vks/v1/by-fingerprint/8F5F267907B2C4559DB360DB2294BA7D2B2298B1"
}
],
"publisher": {
"category": "vendor",
"name": "Example Company ProductCERT",
"namespace":"https://psirt.example.com"
},
"role": "csaf_trusted_provider"
}
If a CSAF publisher (cf. section 7.2.1) does not provide the provider-metadata.json, an aggregator SHOULD contact the CSAF publisher in question to determine the values for list_on_CSAF_aggregators and mirror_on_CSAF_aggregators. If that is impossible or if the CSAF publisher is unresponsive the following values MUST be used:
"list_on_CSAF_aggregators": true,
"mirror_on_CSAF_aggregators": false
In the security.txt there MUST be at least one field CSAF which points to the provider-metadata.json (requirement 7). If this field indicates a web URI, then it MUST begin with "https://" (as per section 2.7.2 of [RFC7230]). See [SECURITY-TXT] for more details.
At the time of this writing, the security.txt is still a proposed standard. The
CSAFfield has not been officially added yet.
Example 99:
CSAF: https://domain.tld/security/data/csaf/provider-metadata.json
CSAF: https://psirt.domain.tld/advisories/csaf/provider-metadata.json
CSAF: https://domain.tld/security/csaf/provider-metadata.json
CSAF: https://www.example.com/.well-known/csaf/provider-metadata.json
The URL path /.well-known/csaf/provider-metadata.json under the main domain of the issuing authority serves directly the provider-metadata.json according to requirement 7. The use of the scheme "HTTPS" is required. See [RFC8615] for more details.
Example 100:
https://www.example.com/.well-known/csaf/provider-metadata.json
The DNS record csaf.data.security.domain.tld SHALL resolve as a webserver which serves directly the provider-metadata.json according to requirement 7. The use of the scheme "HTTPS" is required.
The CSAF documents must be located within folders named <YYYY> where <YYYY> is the year given in the value of /document/tracking/initial_release_date.
Examples 101:
2021
2020
The index.txt file within MUST provide a list of all filenames of CSAF documents which are located in the sub-directories with their filenames.
Examples 102:
2020/example_company_-_2020-yh4711.json
2019/example_company_-_2019-yh3234.json
2018/example_company_-_2018-yh2312.json
This can be used to download all CSAF documents.
The file changes.csv must contain the filename as well as the value of /document/tracking/current_release_date for each CSAF document in the sub-directories without a heading; lines must be sorted by the current_release_date timestamp with the latest one first.
Examples 103:
2020/example_company_-_2020-yh4711.json, "2020-07-01T10:09:07Z"
2018/example_company_-_2018-yh2312.json, "2020-07-01T10:09:01Z"
2019/example_company_-_2019-yh3234.json, "2019-04-17T15:08:41Z"
2018/example_company_-_2018-yh2312.json, "2019-03-01T06:01:00Z"
Directory listing SHALL be enabled to support manual navigation.
Resource-Oriented Lightweight Information Exchange (ROLIE) is a standard to ease discovery of security content. ROLIE is built on top of the Atom Publishing Format and Protocol, with specific requirements that support publishing security content. All CSAF documents with the same TLP level MUST be listed in a single ROLIE feed. At least one of the feeds
MUST exist. Each ROLIE feed document MUST be a JSON file that conforms with [RFC8322].
Example 104:
{
"feed": {
"id": "example-csaf-feed-tlp-white",
"title": "Example CSAF feed (TLP:WHITE)",
"link": [
{
"rel": "self",
"href": "https://psirt.domain.tld/advisories/csaf/feed-tlp-white.json"
}
],
"category": [
{
"scheme": "urn:ietf:params:rolie:category:information-type",
"term": "csaf"
}
],
"updated": "2021-01-01T12:00Z",
"entry": [
{
"id": "2020-ESA-001",
"title": "Example Security Advisory 001",
"link": [
{
"rel": "self",
"href": "https://psirt.domain.tld/advisories/csaf/2020/2020-ESA-001.json"
}
],
"published": "2021-01-01T11:00Z",
"updated": "2021-01-01T12:00Z",
"summary": {
"content": "Vulnerabilities fixed in ABC 0.0.1"
},
"content": {
"type": "application/json",
"src": "https://psirt.domain.tld/advisories/csaf/2020/2020-ESA-001.json"
},
"format": {
"schema": "https://docs.oasis-open.org/csaf/csaf/v2.0/csaf_json_schema.json",
"version": "2.0"
}
}
]
}
}
The use and therefore the existence of ROLIE service document is optional. If it is used, each ROLIE service document MUST be a JSON file that conforms with [RFC8322] and lists the ROLIE feed documents.
Example 105:
{
"service": {
"workspace": [
{
"title": "Public CSAF feed",
"collection": [
{
"title": "Example CSAF feed (TLP:WHITE)",
"href": "https://psirt.domain.tld/advisories/csaf/feed-tlp-white.json",
"categories": {
"category": [
{
"scheme": "urn:ietf:params:rolie:category:information-type",
"term": "csaf"
}
]
}
}
]
}
]
}
}
The use and therefore the existence of ROLIE category document is optional. If it is used, each ROLIE category document MUST be a JSON file that conforms with [RFC8322]. It should be used for to further dissects CSAF documents by their document categories.
Example 106:
{
"categories": {
"category": [
{
"term": "Example Company Product A"
},
{
"term": "Example Company Product B"
}
]
}
}
All CSAF documents SHALL have at least one hash file computed with a secure cryptographic hash algorithm (e.g. SHA-512 or SHA-3) to ensure their integrity. The filename is constructed by appending the file extension which is given by the algorithm.
MD5 and SHA1 SHOULD NOT be used.
Example 107:
File name of CSAF document: example_company_-_2019-yh3234.json
File name of SHA-256 hash file: example_company_-_2019-yh3234.json.sha256
File name of SHA-512 hash file: example_company_-_2019-yh3234.json.sha512
The file content SHALL start with the first byte of the hexadecimal hash value. Any subsequent data (like a filename) which is optional SHALL be separated by at least one space.
Example 108:
ea6a209dba30a958a78d82309d6cdcc6929fcb81673b3dc4d6b16fac18b6ff38 example_company_-_2019-yh3234.json
All CSAF documents SHALL have at least one OpenPGP signature file which is provided under the same filename which is extended by the appropriate extension.
Example 109:
File name of CSAF document: example_company_-_2019-yh3234.json
File name of signature file: example_company_-_2019-yh3234.json.asc
The public part of the PGP key used to sign the CSAF documents MUST be available. It SHOULD also be available at a public key server.
The file aggregator.json MUST be present and valid according to the JSON schema CSAF aggregator. It MUST not be stored adjacent to a provider-metadata.json.
Suggested locations to store the
aggregator.jsonare:
The file aggregator.json SHOULD only list the latest version of the metadata of a CASF provider.
Example 110:
{
"aggregator": {
"category": "lister",
"contact_details": "Example CSAF Lister can be reached at contact_us@lister.example, or via our website at https://lister.example/security/csaf/aggregator/contact.",
"issuing_authority": "This service is provided as it is. It is free for everybody.",
"name": "Example CSAF Lister",
"namespace": "https://lister.example"
},
"aggregator_version": "2.0",
"canonical_url": "https://aggregator.example/.well-known/csaf-aggregator/aggregator.json",
"csaf_providers": [
{
"metadata": {
"last_updated": "2021-07-12T20:20:56.169Z",
"publisher": {
"category": "vendor",
"name": "Example Company ProductCERT",
"namespace": "https://psirt.example.com"
},
"url": "https://www.example.com/.well-known/csaf/provider-metadata.json"
}
},
{
"metadata": {
"last_updated": "2021-07-12T21:35:38.000Z",
"publisher": {
"category": "coordinator",
"name": "Example Coordinator CERT",
"namespace": "https://cert.example"
},
"url": "https://cert.example/advisories/csaf/provider-metadata.json"
}
}
],
"last_updated":"2021-07-12T22:35:38.978Z"
}
The file aggregator.json (requirement 21) lists at least two disjoint CSAF providers (including CSAF trusted providers) or one CSAF publisher and one CSAF provider (including CSAF trusted provider).
The CSAF documents for each issuing party that is mirrored MUST be in a different folder. The folder name SHOULD be retrieved from the name of the issuing authority. This folders MUST be adjacent to the aggregator.json (requirement 21). Each such folder MUST at least:
provider-metadata.json for the current issuing party.Example 111:
{
"aggregator": {
"category": "aggregator",
"contact_details": "Example Aggregator can be reached at contact_us@aggregator.example, or via our website at https://aggregator.example/security/csaf/aggregator/contact.",
"issuing_authority": "This service is provided as it is. It is free for everybody.",
"name": "Example Aggregator",
"namespace": "https://aggregator.example"
},
"aggregator_version": "2.0",
"canonical_url": "https://aggregator.example/.well-known/csaf-aggregator/aggregator.json",
"csaf_providers": [
{
"metadata": {
"last_updated": "2021-07-12T20:20:56.169Z",
"publisher": {
"category": "vendor",
"name": "Example Company ProductCERT",
"namespace": "https://psirt.example.com"
},
"url": "https://www.example.com/.well-known/csaf/provider-metadata.json"
},
"mirrors": [
"https://aggregator.example/.well-known/csaf-aggregator/Example_Company_ProductCERT/provider-metadata.json"
]
},
{
"metadata": {
"last_updated": "2021-07-12T21:35:38.000Z",
"publisher": {
"category": "coordinator",
"name": "Example Coordinator CERT",
"namespace": "https://cert.example"
},
"url": "https://cert.example/advisories/csaf/provider-metadata.json"
},
"mirrors": [
"https://aggregator.example/.well-known/csaf-aggregator/Example_Coordinator_CERT/provider-metadata.json"
]
}
],
"last_updated":"2021-07-12T22:35:38.978Z"
}
This subsection groups the requirements from the previous subsection into named sets which target the roles with the same name. This allows end users to request their supplieres to fulfill a certain set of requirements. A supplier can use roles for advertising and marketing.
The roles "CSAF publisher", "CSAF provider", and "CSAF trusted provider" are intended directly for issuing parties and form the first group. The second group consists of the roles "CSAF lister" and "CSAF aggregator". They collect data from the aforementioned issuing parties of the first group and provide them in a single place to aid in automation. Parties of the second group can also issue their own advisories. However, they MUST follow the rules for the first group for that.
Both, a CSAF lister and a CSAF aggregator, decide based on their own rules which issuing parties to list respectively to mirror. However, an issuing party may apply to be listed or mirrored.
Issuing parties MUST indicate through the value
falseinlist_on_CSAF_aggregatorsif they do not want to be listed. Issuing parties MUST indicate through the valuefalseinmirror_on_CSAF_aggregatorsif they do not want to be mirrored.
A distributing party satisfies the "CSAF publisher" role if the party:
A CSAF publisher satisfies the "CSAF provider" role if the party fulfills the following three groups of requirements:
Firstly, the party:
Secondly, the party:
Thirdly, the party:
If the party uses the ROLIE-based distribution, it MUST also satisfy requirements 15 to 17. If it uses the directory-based distribution, it MUST also satisfy requirements 11 to 14.
A CSAF provider satisfies the "CSAF trusted provider" role if the party:
A distributing party satisfies the "CSAF lister" role if the party:
lister for /aggregator/category.The purpose of this role is to provide a list of URLs where to find CSAF documents. It is not assumed that the list will be complete.
A distributing party satisfies the "CSAF aggregator" role if the party:
aggregator for /aggregator/category.The purpose of this role is to provide a single point where CSAF documents can be retrieved. Multiple CSAF aggregators are expected to exist around the world. None of them is required to mirror all CSAF documents of all issuing parties. CSAF aggregators can be provided for free or as a paid service. To aid in automation, CSAF aggregators MAY mirror CSAF documents from CSAF publishers. Regarding the terms of use they SHOULD consult with the issuing party.
CSAF documents are based on JSON, thus the security considerations of [RFC8259] apply and are repeated here as service for the reader:
Generally, there are security issues with scripting languages. JSON is a subset of JavaScript but excludes assignment and invocation.
Since JSON's syntax is borrowed from JavaScript, it is possible to use that language's
eval()function to parse most JSON texts (but not all; certain characters such asU+2028 LINE SEPARATORandU+2029 PARAGRAPH SEPARATORare legal in JSON but not JavaScript). This generally constitutes an unacceptable security risk, since the text could contain executable code along with data declarations. The same consideration applies to the use of eval()-like functions in any other programming language in which JSON texts conform to that language's syntax.
In addition, CSAF documents may be rendered by consumers in various human-readable formats like HTML or PDF. Thus, for security reasons, CSAF producers and consumers SHALL adhere to the following:
cmark Markdown processor [GFMCMARK].Additional, supporting mitigation measures like retrieving only CSAF documents from trusted sources and check their integrity and signature before parsing the document SHOULD be in place to reduce the risk further.
In the only subsection of this section, the conformance targets and clauses are listed. The clauses, matching the targets one to one, are listed in separate sub-subsections of the targets listing subsection.
Informative Comments:
The order in which targets, and their corresponding clauses appear is somewhat arbitrary as there is no natural order on such diverse roles participating in the document exchanging ecosystem.
Except for the target CSAF document, all other 15 targets span a taxonomy of the complex CSAF ecosystems existing in and between diverse security advisory generating, sharing, and consuming communities.
In any case, there are no capabilities organized in increasing quality levels for targets because the security advisory sharing communities follow the chain link model. Instead, a single minimum capability level for every target is given to maintain important goals of providing a common framework for security advisories:
- Fast production, sharing, and actionable consumption of security advisories
- Consistent end to end automation through collaborating actors
- Clear baseline across the communities per this specification
- Additional per-community cooperative extensions which may flow back into future updates of this specification
This document defines requirements for the CSAF file format and for certain software components that interact with it. The entities ("conformance targets") for which this document defines requirements are:
A text file or data stream satisfies the "CSAF document" conformance profile if it:
A program satisfies the "CSAF producer" conformance profile if the program:
An analysis tool satisfies the "CSAF direct producer" conformance profile if the analysis tool:
A converter satisfies the “CSAF converter” conformance profile if the converter:
A program satisfies the "CVRF CSAF converter" conformance profile if the program fulfills the following two groups of requirements:
Firstly, the program:
Secondly, the program fulfills the following for all items of:
/$defs/version_t: If any element doesn't match the semantic versioning, replace the all elements of type /$defs/version_t with the corresponding integer version. For that, CVRF CSAF converter sorts the items of /document/tracking/revision_history by number ascending according to the rules of CVRF. Then, it replaces the value of number with the index number in the array (starting with 1). The value of /document/tracking/version is replaced by value of number of the corresponding revision item. The match must be calculated by the original values used in the CVRF document./document/acknowledgments[]/organization and /vulnerabilities[]/acknowledgments[]/organization: If more than one cvrf:Organization instance is given, the CVRF CSAF converter converts the first one into the organization. In addition the converter outputs a warning that information might be lost during conversion of document or vulnerability acknowledgment./document/publisher/name and /document/publisher/namespace: Sets the value as given in the configuration of the program or the corresponding argument the program was invoked with. If values from both sources are present, the program should prefer the latter one. The program SHALL NOT use hard-coded values./vulnerabilities[]/scores[]: If no product_id is given, the CVRF CSAF converter appends all Product IDs which are listed under ../product_status in the arrays known_affected, first_affected and last_affected./vulnerabilities[]/scores[]: If there are CVSS v3.0 and CVSS v3.1 Vectors available for the same product, the CVRF CSAF converter discards the CVSS v3.0 information and provide in CSAF only the CVSS v3.1 information./product_tree/relationships[]: If more than one prod:FullProductName instance is given, the CVRF CSAF converter converts the first one into the full_product_name. In addition, the converter outputs a warning that information might be lost during conversion of product relationships.A CSAF content management system satisfies the "CSAF content management system" conformance profile if the content management system:
satisfies the "CSAF producer" conformance profile.
satisfies the "CSAF viewer" conformance profile.
provides at least the following management functions:
create new CSAF documents
prefill CSAF documents based on values given in the configuration (see below)
create a new version of an existing CSAF document
checkout old versions of a CSAF document
show all differences between versions of a CSAF document
list all CSAF documents within the system
delete CSAF documents from the system
review CSAF documents in the system
approve CSAF documents
search for CSAF documents by values of required fields at document-level or their children within the system
search for CSAF documents by values of cve within the system
search for CSAF documents based on properties of product_tree
filter on all properties which it is required to search for
export of CSAF documents
show an audit log for each CSAF document
identify the latest version of CSAF documents with the same /document/tracking/id
suggest a /document/tracking/id based on the given configuration.
track of the version of CSAF documents automatically and increment according to the versioning scheme (see also subsections of 3.1.11) selected in the configuration.
check that the document version is set correctly based on the changes in comparison to the previous version (see also subsections of 3.1.11).
suggest to use the document status interim if a CSAF document is updated more frequent than the given threshold in the configuration (default: 3 weeks)
suggest to publish a new version of the CSAF document with the document status final if the document status was interim and no new release has be done during the the given threshold in the configuration (default: 6 weeks)
support the following workflows:
final (or ìnterim based on the selection in approval or configuration) and the advisory is provided for publication (manual or time-based)final (or ìnterim based on the selection in approval or configuration) and the advisory is provided for publication (manual or time-based)publication may be immediately or at a given date/time.
handling of date/time and version is automated.
provide an API to retrieve all CSAF documents which are currently in the status published.
should provide an API to import or create new advisories from outside systems (e.g. bug tracker, CVD platform,...).
provide a user management and support at least the following roles:
may use groups to support client separation (multitenancy) and therefore restrict the roles to actions within their group. In this case, there must be a Group configurator which is able to change the values which are used to prefill fields in new advisories for that group. He might also do the user management for the group up to a configured level.
prefills the following fields in new CSAF documents with the values given below or based on the templates from configuration:
/document/csaf_version with the value 2.0/document/language/document/notes
legal_disclaimer (Terms of use from the configuration)general (General Security recommendations from the configuration)/document/tracking/current_release_date with the current date/document/tracking/generator and children/document/tracking/initial_release_date with the current date/document/tracking/revision_history
date with the current datenumber (based on the templates according to the versioning scheme configured)summary (based on the templates from configuration; default: "Initial version.")/document/tracking/status with draft/document/tracking/version with the value of number the latest /document/tracking/revision_history[] element/document/publisher and children/document/category (based on the templates from configuration)When updating an existing CSAF document:
/document/tracking/revision_history[]/document/csaf_version with the value 2.0/document/language/document/notes
legal_disclaimer (Terms of use from the configuration)general (General Security recommendations from the configuration)/document/tracking/current_release_date with the current date/document/tracking/generator and children/document/tracking/revision_history[]
date with the current datenumber (based on the templates according to the versioning scheme configured)/document/tracking/status with draft/document/tracking/version with the value of number the latest /document/tracking/revision_history[] element/document/publisher and childrenA CSAF post-processor satisfies the "CSAF post-processor" conformance profile if the post-processor:
A program satisfies the "CSAF modifier" conformance profile if the program fulfills the two following groups of requirements:
The program:
The resulting modified document:
/document/tracking/id as the original document. The modified document can use a completely new /document/tracking/id or compute one by appending the original /document/tracking/id as a suffix after an ID from the naming scheme of the issuer of the modified version. It should not use the original /document/tracking/id as a prefix./document/references[].A program satisfies the "CSAF translator" conformance profile if the program fulfills the two following groups of requirements:
The program:
The resulting translated document:
/document/tracking/id as the original document. The translated document can use a completely new /document/tracking/id or compute one by using the original /document/tracking/id as a prefix and adding an ID from the naming scheme of the issuer of the translated version. It should not use the original /document/tracking/id as a suffix. If an issuer uses a CSAF translator to publish his advisories in multiple languages they may use the combination of the original /document/tracking/id and translated /document/lang as a /document/tracking/id for the translated document./document/lang property with a value matching the language of the translation./document/source_lang to contain the language of the original document (and should only be set by CSAF translators).translator set in /document/publisher/category/document/references[].references_t after the first element. However, it must keep the original URLs as references at the end.A proccessor satisfies the "CSAF consumer" conformance profile if the processor:
A viewer satisfies the "CSAF viewer" conformance profile if the viewer fulfills the two following groups of requirements:
The viewer:
For each CVSS-Score in /vulnerabilities[]/scores[] the viewer:
vector if there is an inconsistency between the vector and any other sibling attribute.scores[] for each product_id which has the highest CVSS Base Score and newest CVSS version (in that order) if a product_id is listed in more than one item of scores[].A CSAF management system satisfies the "CSAF management system" conformance profile if the management system:
document-level or their children within the systemcve within the system/product_tree/document/aggregate_severity/text/document/tracking/id./document/tracking/id.A CSAF asset matching system satisfies the "CSAF asset matching system" conformance profile if the asset matching system:
These also apply if more than one CSAF document or asset was added. To reduce the computational efforts the runs can be pooled into one run which fulfills all the tasks at once (batch mode).
Manually and automatically triggered runs should not be pooled.
A program satisfies the "CSAF basic validator" conformance profile if the program:
A CSAF basic validator may provide one or more additional functions:
A CSAF basic validator satisfies the "CSAF extended validator" conformance profile if the CSAF basic validator:
A CSAF extended validator may provide an additional function to only run one or more selected optional tests.
A CSAF extended validator satisfies the "CSAF full validator" conformance profile if the CSAF extended validator:
A CSAF full validator may provide an additional function to only run one or more selected informative tests.
The following individuals were members of the OASIS CSAF Technical Committee during the creation of this specification and their contributions are gratefully acknowledged:
CSAF TC Members:
| First Name | Last Name | Company |
|---|---|---|
| Alexandre | Dulaunoy | CIRCL |
| Anthony | Berglas | Cryptsoft Pty Ltd. |
| Art | MANION | Carnegie Mellon University |
| Aukjan | van Belkum | EclecticIQ |
| Ben | Sooter | Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) |
| Bernd | Grobauer | Siemens AG |
| Bruce | Rich | Cryptsoft Pty Ltd. |
| Chok | Poh | Oracle |
| Dan | West | Microsoft |
| David | Waltermire | NIST |
| Denny | Page | TIBCO Software Inc. |
| Duncan | Sparrell | sFractal Consulting LLC |
| Eric | Johnson | TIBCO Software Inc. |
| Ethan | Rahn | Arista Networks |
| Feng | Cao | Oracle |
| Greg | Scott | Cryptsoft Pty Ltd. |
| Harold | Booth | NIST |
| Jason | Masters | TELUS |
| Jennifer | Victor | Dell |
| Jessica | Fitzgerald-McKay | National Security Agency |
| Jonathan | Bitle | Kaiser Permanente |
| Justin | Corlett | Cryptsoft Pty Ltd. |
| Kazuo | Noguchi | Hitachi, Ltd. |
| Kent | Landfield | McAfee |
| Langley | Rock | Red Hat |
| Martin | Prpic | Red Hat |
| Masato | Terada | Hitachi, Ltd. |
| Mike | Gorski | Cisco Systems |
| Nicole | Parrish | Mitre Corporation |
| Omar | Santos | Cisco Systems |
| Patrick | Maroney | AT&T |
| Rhonda | Levy | Cisco Systems |
| Richard | Struse | Mitre Corporation |
| Ritwik | Ghoshal | Oracle |
| Robert | Coderre | Accenture |
| Robert | Keith | Accenture |
| Stefan | Hagen | Individual |
| Tania | Ward | Dell |
| Ted | Bedwell | Cisco Systems |
| Thomas | Proell | Siemens AG |
| Thomas | Schmidt | Federal Office for Information Security (BSI) Germany |
| Tim | Hudson | Cryptsoft Pty Ltd. |
| Tobias | Limmer | Siemens AG |
| Tony | Cox | Cryptsoft Pty Ltd. |
| Vincent | Danen | Red Hat |
| Will | Rideout | Arista Networks |
| Xiaoyu | Ge | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. |
The following individuals were members of the OASIS CSAF Technical Committee during the creation of the previous version (CVRF v1.2) of this specification and their contributions are gratefully acknowledged:
CSAF TC Members:
| First Name | Last Name | Company |
|---|---|---|
| Adam | Montville | CIS |
| Allan | Thomson | LookingGlass |
| Anthony | Berglas | Cryptsoft Pty Ltd. |
| Art | Manion | Carnegie Mellon University |
| Aukjan | van Belkum | EclecticIQ |
| Ben | Sooter | Electric Power Research Institute |
| Bernd | Grobauer | Siemens AG |
| Beth | Pumo | Kaiser Permanente |
| Bret | Jordan | Symantec Corp. |
| Bruce | Rich | Cryptsoft Pty Ltd. |
| Chet | Ensign | OASIS |
| Chok | Poh | Oracle |
| Chris | Rouland | Individual |
| David | Waltermire | NIST |
| Denny | Page | TIBCO Software Inc. |
| Doron | Shiloach | IBM |
| Duncan | Sparrell | sFractal Consulting LLC |
| Eric | Johnson | TIBCO Software Inc. |
| Feng | Cao | Oracle |
| Greg | Reaume | TELUS |
| Greg | Scott | Cryptsoft Pty Ltd. |
| Harold | Booth | NIST |
| Jamison | Day | LookingGlass |
| Jared | Semrau | "FireEye, Inc." |
| Jason | Masters | TELUS |
| Jerome | Athias | Individual |
| Jessica | Fitzgerald-McKay | National Security Agency |
| Jonathan | Bitle | Kaiser Permanente |
| Justin | Corlett | Cryptsoft Pty Ltd. |
| Karen | Scarfone | Individual |
| Kazuo | Noguchi | "Hitachi, Ltd." |
| Kent | Landfield | McAfee |
| Lothar | Braun | Siemens AG |
| Louis | Ronnau | Cisco Systems |
| Mark | Davidson | NC4 |
| Mark-David | McLaughlin | Cisco Systems |
| Masato | Terada | "Hitachi, Ltd." |
| Masood | Nasir | TELUS |
| Nicole | Gong | Mitre Corporation |
| Omar | Santos | Cisco Systems |
| Patrick | Maroney | Wapack Labs LLC |
| Paul | Patrick | "FireEye, Inc." |
| Peter | Allor | IBM |
| Phillip | Boles | "FireEye, Inc." |
| Ravi | Balupari | Netskope |
| Rich | Reybok | ServiceNow |
| Richard | Struse | DHS Office of Cybersecurity and Communications (CS&C) |
| Ritwik | Ghoshal | Oracle |
| Robert | Coderre | VeriSign |
| Robin | Cover | OASIS |
| Rupert | Wimmer | Siemens AG |
| Sanjiv | Kalkar | Individual |
| Sean | Barnum | Mitre Corporation |
| Stefan | Hagen | Individual |
| Ted | Bedwell | Cisco Systems |
| Thomas | Schreck | Siemens AG |
| Tim | Hudson | Cryptsoft Pty Ltd. |
| Tony | Cox | Cryptsoft Pty Ltd. |
| Trey | Darley | "Kingfisher Operations, sprl" |
| Vincent | Danen | Red Hat |
| Zach | Turk | Microsoft |
| Revision | Date | Editor | Changes Made |
|---|---|---|---|
| csaf-v2.0-wd20210927-dev | 2021-09-27 | Stefan Hagen and Thomas Schmidt | Preparing next Editor revision for TC review and submittal as CS for public review |
This appendix provides informative guidance on the size of CSAF documents.
The TC carefully considered all known aspects to provide size limits for CSAF documents for this version of the specification with the result that hard limits should not be enforced. However, since there is the need for guidance to ensure interoperability in the ecosystem, the TC provides a set of soft limits. A CSAF document which exceeds those, can still be valid but it might not be processable for some parties.
All CSAF consumers should be able to process CSAF documents which comply with the limits below. All CSAF producers should not produce CSAF documents which exceed those limits.
If you come across a case where these limits are exceeded, please provide feedback to the TC.
A CSAF document in the specified JSON format encoded in UTF-8 SHOULD conform to known size limits of current technologies parsing JSON content, e.g.: 15 MB.
At least one database technology in wide use for storing CSAF documents rejects insert attempts when the transformed BSON size exceeds 16 megabytes. The BSON format optimizes for accessibility and not size. So, small integers and small strings may incur more overhead in the BSON format than in JSON. In addition, the BSON format adds length information for the entries inside the document, which adds to the size when storing CSAF document content in a BSON format.
An array should not have more than:
10 000 items for
/document/acknowledgments/document/acknowledgments[]/names/document/acknowledgments[]/urls/document/tracking/aliases/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/hashes/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/sbom_urls/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/hashes/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/sbom_urls/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/hashes/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/sbom_urls/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/hashes/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/sbom_urls/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris/vulnerabilities[]/acknowledgments/vulnerabilities[]/acknowledgments[]/names/vulnerabilities[]/acknowledgments[]/urls/vulnerabilities[]/id/system_name/vulnerabilities[]/id/text/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/entitlements40 000 items for
/document/notes/document/references/vulnerabilities[]/involvements/vulnerabilities[]/notes/vulnerabilities[]/references100 000 for
/document/tracking/revision_history/product_tree/branches/product_tree(/branches[])*/branches/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/serial_numbers/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/skus/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/serial_numbers/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/skus/product_tree/full_product_names/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/serial_numbers/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/skus/product_tree/product_groups[]/product_ids/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/serial_numbers/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/skus/vulnerabilities10 000 000 for
/product_tree/relationships/product_tree/product_groups/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/group_ids100 000 000 for
/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/first_affected/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/first_fixed/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/fixed/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_affected/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_not_affected/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/last_affected/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/recommended/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/under_investigation/vulnerabilities[]/remediations/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/product_ids/vulnerabilities[]/scores/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/products/vulnerabilities[]/threats/vulnerabilities[]/threats[]/group_ids/vulnerabilities[]/threats[]/product_idsA string should not have a length greater than:
1000 for
/document/acknowledgments[]/names[]/document/acknowledgments[]/organization/document/aggregate_severity/text/document/category/document/lang/document/notes[]/audience/document/notes[]/title/document/publisher/name/document/source_lang/document/title/document/tracking/aliases[]/document/tracking/generator/engine/name/document/tracking/generator/engine/version/document/tracking/id/document/tracking/revision_history[]/number/document/tracking/version/product_tree/branches[]/name/product_tree/branches[]/product/name/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_id/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes[]/algorithm/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes[]/value/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/filename/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/serial_numbers[]/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/skus[]/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/name/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/name/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_id/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes[]/algorithm/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes[]/value/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/filename/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/serial_numbers[]/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/skus[]/product_tree/full_product_names[]/name/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_id/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes[]/algorithm/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes[]/value/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/filename/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/serial_numbers[]/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/skus[]/product_tree/product_groups[]/group_id/product_tree/product_groups[]/product_ids[]/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/name/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_id/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes[]/algorithm/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/file_hashes[]/value/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/hashes[]/filename/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/serial_numbers[]/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/skus[]/product_tree/relationships[]/product_reference/product_tree/relationships[]/relates_to_product_reference/vulnerabilities[]/acknowledgments[]/names[]/vulnerabilities[]/acknowledgments[]/organization/vulnerabilities[]/cve/vulnerabilities[]/cwe/id/vulnerabilities[]/cwe/name/vulnerabilities[]/notes[]/audience/vulnerabilities[]/notes[]/title/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/first_affected[]/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/first_fixed[]/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/fixed[]/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_affected[]/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/known_not_affected[]/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/last_affected[]/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/recommended[]/vulnerabilities[]/product_status/under_investigation[]/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/group_ids[]/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/product_ids[]/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/vectorString/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/vectorString/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/products[]/vulnerabilities[]/threats[]/group_ids[]/vulnerabilities[]/threats[]/product_ids[]/vulnerabilities[]/title10 000 for
/document/acknowledgments[]/summary/document/distribution/text/document/publisher/contact_details/document/publisher/issuing_authority/document/references[]/summary/document/tracking/revision_history[]/summary/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/cpe/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/purl/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/cpe/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/purl/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/cpe/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/purl/product_tree/product_groups[]/summary/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/cpe/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/purl/vulnerabilities[]/acknowledgments[]/summary/vulnerabilities[]/involvements[]/summary/vulnerabilities[]/references[]/summary/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/entitlements[]30 000 for
/document/notes[]/text/vulnerabilities[]/notes[]/text250 000 for
/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/details/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/restart_required/details/vulnerabilities[]/threats[]/detailsA string with format uri should not have a length greater than 20000. This applies to:
/document/acknowledgments[]/urls[]/document/aggregate_severity/namespace/document/distribution/tlp/url/document/references[]/url/document/publisher/namespace/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/sbom_urls[]/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/namespace/product_tree/branches[]/product/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/uri/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/sbom_urls[]/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/namespace/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/product/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/uri/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/sbom_urls[]/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/namespace/product_tree/full_product_names[]/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/uri/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/sbom_urls[]/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/namespace/product_tree/relationships[]/full_product_name/product_identification_helper/x_generic_uris[]/uri/vulnerabilities[]/acknowledgments[]/urls[]/vulnerabilities[]/references[]/url/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/urlA string which is an enum has a fixed maximum length given by its longest value.
Later versions of CSAF might add, modify or delete possible value which could change the longest value. Therefore, this sizes should not be implemented as fixed limits if forward compatibility is desired.
It seems to be safe to assume that the length of each value is not greater than 50. This applies to:
/document/csaf_version (3)/document/distribution/tlp/label (5)/document/notes[]/category (16)/document/publisher/category (11)/document/references[]/category (8)/document/tracking/status (7)/product_tree/branches[]/category (15)/product_tree/branches[](/branches[])*/category (15)/product_tree/relationships[]/category (21)/vulnerabilities[]/involvements[]/party (11)/vulnerabilities[]/involvements[]/status (17)/vulnerabilities[]/notes[]/category (16)/vulnerabilities[]/references[]/category (8)/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/category (14)/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/restart_required/category (20)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/version (3)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/accessVector (16)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/accessComplexity (6)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/authentication (8)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/confidentialityImpact (8)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/integrityImpact (8)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/availabilityImpact (8)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/exploitability (16)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/remediationLevel (13)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/reportConfidence (14)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/collateralDamagePotential (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/targetDistribution (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/confidentialityRequirement (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/integrityRequirement (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v2/availabilityRequirement (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/version (3)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/attackVector (16)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/attackComplexity (4)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/privilegesRequired (4)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/userInteraction (8)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/scope (9)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/confidentialityImpact (4)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/integrityImpact (4)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/availabilityImpact (4)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/baseSeverity (8)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/exploitCodeMaturity (16)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/remediationLevel (13)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/reportConfidence (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/temporalSeverity (8)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/confidentialityRequirement (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/integrityRequirement (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/availabilityRequirement (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/modifiedAttackVector (16)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/modifiedAttackComplexity (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/modifiedPrivilegesRequired (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/modifiedUserInteraction (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/modifiedScope (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/modifiedConfidentialityImpact (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/modifiedIntegrityImpact (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/modifiedAvailabilityImpact (11)/vulnerabilities[]/scores[]/cvss_v3/environmentalSeverity (8)/vulnerabilities[]/threats[]/category (14)The maximum length of strings representing a temporal value is given by the format specifier. This applies to:
/document/tracking/current_release_date/document/tracking/generator/date/document/tracking/initial_release_date/document/tracking/revision_history[]/date/vulnerabilities[]/discovery_date/vulnerabilities[]/release_date/vulnerabilities[]/involvements[]/date/vulnerabilities[]/remediations[]/date/vulnerabilities[]/threats[]/date