2.1.2.3.2.2 Translation and localization attributes

DITA elements have several attributes that support localization and translation.

xml:lang
Identifies the language of the content, using the standard language and country codes. For instance, French Canadian is identified by the value fr-ca. The @xml:lang attribute asserts that all content and attribute values within the element bearing the attribute are in the specified language, except for contained elements that declare a different language.
translate
Determines whether the element requires translation. A default value may be inferred from the element type. For example, <apiname> may be untranslated by default, whereas <p> may be translated by default.
dir
Determines the direction in which the content should be rendered.

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OASIS DITA Version 1.2 -- OASIS Standard, 1 December 2010
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